taabisha

Swahili

From taabu (“hardship, distress, misery, trouble”) +‎ -isha (causative affix).

-taabisha (infinitive kutaabisha)

Conjugation of -taabisha

Infinitives

Positive	kutaabisha
Negative	kutotaabisha

Imperatives

Singular	taabisha
Plural	taabisheni

Tensed forms

Habitual	hutaabisha
Positive past	positive subject concord + -litaabisha
Negative past	negative subject concord + -kutaabisha

Positive present (positive subject concord + -nataabisha)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		ninataabisha/nataabisha	tunataabisha
2nd person		unataabisha	mnataabisha
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	anataabisha	wanataabisha
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -nataabisha

Negative present (negative subject concord + -taabishi)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		sitaabishi	hatutaabishi
2nd person		hutaabishi	hamtaabishi
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	hataabishi	hawataabishi
3rd person	other classes	negative subject concord + -taabishi

Positive future	positive subject concord + -tataabisha
Negative future	negative subject concord + -tataabisha

Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -taabishe)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nitaabishe	tutaabishe
2nd person		utaabishe	mtaabishe
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	ataabishe	wataabishe
3rd person	other classes	positive subject concord + -taabishe

Negative subjunctive	positive subject concord + -sitaabishe
Positive present conditional	positive subject concord + -ngetaabisha
Negative present conditional	positive subject concord + -singetaabisha
Positive past conditional	positive subject concord + -ngalitaabisha
Negative past conditional	positive subject concord + -singalitaabisha

Gnomic (positive subject concord + -ataabisha)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		nataabisha	twataabisha
2nd person		wataabisha	mwataabisha
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	ataabisha	wataabisha
	m-mi_(III/IV)	wataabisha	yataabisha
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	lataabisha	yataabisha
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	chataabisha	vyataabisha
	n_(IX/X)	yataabisha	zataabisha
	u_(XI)	wataabisha	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	kwataabisha
	pa_(XVI)	pataabisha
	mu_(XVIII)	mwataabisha

Perfect	positive subject concord + -metaabisha
"Already"	positive subject concord + -meshataabisha
"Not yet"	negative subject concord + -jataabisha
"If/When"	positive subject concord + -kitaabisha
"If not"	positive subject concord + -sipotaabisha
Consecutive	kataabisha / positive subject concord + -kataabisha
Consecutive subjunctive	positive subject concord + -kataabishe

Object concord (indicative positive)
		Singular	Plural
1st person		-nitaabisha	-tutaabisha
2nd person		-kutaabisha	-wataabisha/-kutaabisheni/-wataabisheni
3rd person	m-wa_(I/II)	-mtaabisha	-wataabisha
	m-mi_(III/IV)	-utaabisha	-itaabisha
	ji-ma_(V/VI)	-litaabisha	-yataabisha
	ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-kitaabisha	-vitaabisha
	n_(IX/X)	-itaabisha	-zitaabisha
	u_(XI)	-utaabisha	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
	ku_(XV/XVII)	-kutaabisha
	pa_(XVI)	-pataabisha
	mu_(XVIII)	-mutaabisha
Reflexive		-jitaabisha

Relative forms

General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -taabisha- + relative marker)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-taabishaye	-taabishao
m-mi_(III/IV)	-taabishao	-taabishayo
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-taabishalo	-taabishayo
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-taabishacho	-taabishavyo
n_(IX/X)	-taabishayo	-taabishazo
u_(XI)	-taabishao	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-taabishako
pa_(XVI)	-taabishapo
mu_(XVIII)	-taabishamo

Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -taabisha)
	Singular	Plural
m-wa_(I/II)	-yetaabisha	-otaabisha
m-mi_(III/IV)	-otaabisha	-yotaabisha
ji-ma_(V/VI)	-lotaabisha	-yotaabisha
ki-vi_(VII/VIII)	-chotaabisha	-vyotaabisha
n_(IX/X)	-yotaabisha	-zotaabisha
u_(XI)	-otaabisha	see n_(X)* or ma_(VI) class*
ku_(XV/XVII)	-kotaabisha
pa_(XVI)	-potaabisha
mu_(XVIII)	-motaabisha

Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.