schmerzen
German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German schmerzen, from Old High German smerzan, from Proto-Germanic *smertaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)merd- (“to bite, sting”). Cognate with Dutch smarten, English smart, Low German smerten, Danish smerte, Swedish smärta.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]schmerzen (weak, third-person singular present schmerzt, past tense schmerzte, past participle geschmerzt, auxiliary haben)
Usage notes
[edit]Although both schmerzen and verletzen are sometimes glossed as to hurt, schmerzen is more specific to pain, while verletzen carries additional connotations of to injure or to wound.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | schmerzen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | schmerzend | ||||
past participle | geschmerzt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich schmerze | wir schmerzen | i | ich schmerze | wir schmerzen |
du schmerzt | ihr schmerzt | du schmerzest | ihr schmerzet | ||
er schmerzt | sie schmerzen | er schmerze | sie schmerzen | ||
preterite | ich schmerzte | wir schmerzten | ii | ich schmerzte1 | wir schmerzten1 |
du schmerztest | ihr schmerztet | du schmerztest1 | ihr schmerztet1 | ||
er schmerzte | sie schmerzten | er schmerzte1 | sie schmerzten1 | ||
imperative | schmerz (du) schmerze (du) |
schmerzt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
(But please keep in mind that „ich schmerze“ and „du schmerzt“ do not exist and do not make sense; at most: „Dein Schicksal schmerzt mich“ = “Your fate aches me / causes me pain”.)
Further reading
[edit]- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio pronunciation
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary