saccager
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Italian saccheggiare, from sacco, from Latin saccus.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]saccager
- (transitive) to sack, pillage
- Synonym: mettre à sac
- (transitive, figuratively) to ransack
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written saccage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of saccager (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | saccager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | saccageant /sa.ka.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | saccagé /sa.ka.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccages /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccage /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccageons /sa.ka.ʒɔ̃/ |
saccagez /sa.ka.ʒe/ |
saccagent /sa.kaʒ/ |
| imperfect | saccageais /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ |
saccageais /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ |
saccageait /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ |
saccagions /sa.ka.ʒjɔ̃/ |
saccagiez /sa.ka.ʒje/ |
saccageaient /sa.ka.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | saccageai /sa.ka.ʒe/ |
saccageas /sa.ka.ʒa/ |
saccagea /sa.ka.ʒa/ |
saccageâmes /sa.ka.ʒam/ |
saccageâtes /sa.ka.ʒat/ |
saccagèrent /sa.ka.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | saccagerai /sa.kaʒ.ʁe/ |
saccageras /sa.kaʒ.ʁa/ |
saccagera /sa.kaʒ.ʁa/ |
saccagerons /sa.kaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
saccagerez /sa.kaʒ.ʁe/ |
saccageront /sa.kaʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | saccagerais /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
saccagerais /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
saccagerait /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ |
saccagerions /sa.ka.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
saccageriez /sa.ka.ʒə.ʁje/ |
saccageraient /sa.kaʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccages /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccage /sa.kaʒ/ |
saccagions /sa.ka.ʒjɔ̃/ |
saccagiez /sa.ka.ʒje/ |
saccagent /sa.kaʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | saccageasse /sa.ka.ʒas/ |
saccageasses /sa.ka.ʒas/ |
saccageât /sa.ka.ʒa/ |
saccageassions /sa.ka.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
saccageassiez /sa.ka.ʒa.sje/ |
saccageassent /sa.ka.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | saccage /sa.kaʒ/ |
— | saccageons /sa.ka.ʒɔ̃/ |
saccagez /sa.ka.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “saccager”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.