rast

rast m (plural raste, definite rasti, definite plural rastet)

1. chance

   Synonyms: shans, mundësi, fat

2. occasion

• IPA^(key): /ʁaːst/

rast

1. inflection of rasen:
   1. second/third-person singular present
   2. second-person plural present
   3. plural imperative

• IPA^(key): /ʁast/

rast

1. singular imperative of rasten
2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of rasten

This word is the reflex of two different Proto-Indo-European forms: *wer-d-, *wr-ed- (“to bend, to sway”) and *werdʰ-, *wr-edʰ-, *h₃erdʰ- (“to grow; high”), both from the stem *wer- (“to bend, to turn”).^[1] Both forms yielded Proto-Baltic *red-, *rad-, from which *rad-ti > *rasti > rast.

The present tense form was derived with an extra n: *randuo > *ruodu > rodu; cf. dialectal variants ronu, romu. From the meaning “to bend, to sway” came “to raise, to obtain (by bending down to get it)” > “to obtain, to get, to find.” From the meaning “to grow” came not only the meanings of the Lithuanian reflexive form, but also those of Latvian related forms like raža (“harvest”), rasma (“fecundity”), radīt (“to create”), radi (“relatives”) and the 18th-century adjective rastīgs (“fertile, successful”). This semantic diversity also explains the divergent meanings of the derived prefixed verbs (atrast (“to find; to lose a habit, a skill”), ierast parast, pierast (“to get used to”), etc.).

Cognates include Lithuanian ràsti (“to find, to obain by searching; to notice; to determine, to establish; to happen, to be”), reflexive ràstis (“to grow quickly, strongly; to give birth; to rise, to get up; to become; to happen; to come, to arrive; to get somewhere”); from *werd- (“to bend, to sway”), also Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wratō, “to go, to travel”), Icelandic rata (“to travel, to find one's way”), Middle High German razzeln (“to turn”); from *werdʰ (“to grow”), Old Church Slavonic расти (rasti, “to grow”), Russian расти́ (rastí), Polish róść, Sanskrit वर्धति (várdhati), वृधति (vr̥dháti, “to grow, to increase”), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “straight, upright”) (and perhaps also, from a possible variant form *Herdʰ, *Hredʰ-, Latin arduus (“lofty, high”), arbor (“tree”)).^[2]

• IPA^(key): [ɾast]

rast (transitive, 1st conjugation, present rodu, rodi, rod, past radu)

1. to find (to cause by searching that something (desirable, necessary) be present, in use, or in one's possession)

   rast jaunu dzimteni ― to find a new homeland

   nerast nekur mieru ― to not find peace anywhere

   rast kopīgu valodu ― to find a common language (= to communicate)

   mīļa, mīļa tēva sēta, kur mīļaku vietu rast! ― dear, dear father's (= home) ranch, where to find a favorite place!

2. to find (to discover via research)

   institūta laboratorijās rastas jaunas sveķu izmantošanas iespējas ― in the laboratories of the institute new possibilities of use for resin (were) found

3. to find (to choose, e.g., the right word, in one's thoughts)

   kā lai vārdus rod? ― how does one find the (right) words?

4. to find, to receive (e.g., help, understanding, from others)

   kur rast atbalstu? draugos? ― where to find support? with (lit. in) friends?

   viņš rod ierosmi dabā ― he finds inspiration in nature

   viņa gribētu rast apstiprinājumu ― she would like to find approval

5. to find, to start (e.g., a state, a situation, a relationship)

   rast draudzību ― to find friendship

   komponista sirsnība un vienkāršība palīdzēja rast ciešu kontaktu ar publiku ― the composer's sincerity and simplicity helped him find, achieve chose contact with the audience

6. to find (to be such that a certain mental state is caused)

   rast spēkus, mierinājumu, prieku ― to find strength, comfort, joy

   rast prieku darbā ― to find joy in work

   cik sevi vēros, vairāk sāpes radu ― the more I observe myself, the more I find pain

7. (in the past active participle form radis) accustomed, used to

   viņš nebija radis daudz domāt, tāpēc jutās noguris ― he wasn't used to thinking a lot, so he felt tired

   meitene pie grūta darba nav radusi ― the girl wasn't used to hard work

8. (rare, in the past passive participle form rasts) usual, well-known

   uz ciemu īstenībā ved ne viens vien ceļš, bet tā ir rasts un iegājies, ka tos citus vairs neizmanto ― in fact more than one road leads to the village, but it is well known tradition that the others are no longer used

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms:

• rasties
• (dated term) rastīgs

• radīt
• radi, radinieks
• rasma, rasmīgs
• raža, ražens, ražīgs

From Proto-Iranian *Hraštáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hraštás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtós (“having moved in a straight line”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”). Cognate with English right.

• IPA^(key): /rɑːst/

rast

1. straight
2. right, correct
3. right (dexter, opposite of left)
4. true, right
5. erect
6. direct

rast

1. past participle of rase

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic растъ (rastŭ).

rast n (uncountable)

1. spleen inflammation

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

• IPA^(key): /râːst/

rȃst m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑ст)

1. (uncountable) growth
2. (uncountable) height

• rȃsti

• “rast”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

• IPA^(key): /ráːst/

rȃst f

1. growth

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nominative	rást
genitive	rastí
	singular
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	rást
genitive (rodȋlnik)	rastí
dative (dajȃlnik)	rásti
accusative (tožȋlnik)	rást
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	rásti
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	rastjó

• rásti

• “rast”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

From Old Norse rǫst, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, *rastijō (“rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”).

rast c

1. (countable or uncountable) a break (rest or pause, usually from work)

   Nu tar vi rast

   Let's take a break

2. (countable or uncountable) recess, break, breaktime (between classes in school)

   Hur lång är rasten?

   How long is recess?

• rasta
• rastgård
• skolrast

• lov (longer break, like summer break)

• rast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rast in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• arts, astr., tars, tsar

Cognate with Persian راست (rāst).

rast

1. right (dexter)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish راست (rast), from Classical Persian راست (rāst).

• IPA^(key): /ˈɾɑst/
• Rhymes: -ɑst

rast (dated)

1. true, correct, right

   Synonyms: doğru, düzgün

rast (definite accusative rastı, plural rastlar)

1. (dated) coincidence

   Synonyms: rastlantı, tesadüf

2. (dated) the act of hitting a target
3. (music) rast (a kind of maqam)

Inflection
Nominative	rast
Definite accusative	rastı
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rast	rastlar
Definite accusative	rastı	rastları
Dative	rasta	rastlara
Locative	rastta	rastlarda
Ablative	rasttan	rastlardan
Genitive	rastın	rastların
Possessive forms Nominative Singular Plural 1st singular rastım rastlarım 2nd singular rastın rastların 3rd singular rastı rastları 1st plural rastımız rastlarımız 2nd plural rastınız rastlarınız 3rd plural rastları rastları Definite accusative Singular Plural 1st singular rastımı rastlarımı 2nd singular rastını rastlarını 3rd singular rastını rastlarını 1st plural rastımızı rastlarımızı 2nd plural rastınızı rastlarınızı 3rd plural rastlarını rastlarını Dative Singular Plural 1st singular rastıma rastlarıma 2nd singular rastına rastlarına 3rd singular rastına rastlarına 1st plural rastımıza rastlarımıza 2nd plural rastınıza rastlarınıza 3rd plural rastlarına rastlarına Locative Singular Plural 1st singular rastımda rastlarımda 2nd singular rastında rastlarında 3rd singular rastında rastlarında 1st plural rastımızda rastlarımızda 2nd plural rastınızda rastlarınızda 3rd plural rastlarında rastlarında Ablative Singular Plural 1st singular rastımdan rastlarımdan 2nd singular rastından rastlarından 3rd singular rastından rastlarından 1st plural rastımızdan rastlarımızdan 2nd plural rastınızdan rastlarınızdan 3rd plural rastlarından rastlarından Genitive Singular Plural 1st singular rastımın rastlarımın 2nd singular rastının rastlarının 3rd singular rastının rastlarının 1st plural rastımızın rastlarımızın 2nd plural rastınızın rastlarınızın 3rd plural rastlarının rastlarının

• “rast”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “rast”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3940a
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “rast”, in Nişanyan Sözlük