râler
See also: raler
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From earlier raller, from Middle French rasler (“to haggle, bargain for”). Doublet of racler.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]râler
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of râler (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | râler | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | râlant /ʁa.lɑ̃/ or /ʁɑ.lɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | râlé /ʁa.le/ or /ʁɑ.le/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | râle /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râles /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râle /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râlons /ʁa.lɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.lɔ̃/ |
râlez /ʁa.le/ or /ʁɑ.le/ |
râlent /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
| imperfect | râlais /ʁa.lɛ/ or /ʁɑ.lɛ/ |
râlais /ʁa.lɛ/ or /ʁɑ.lɛ/ |
râlait /ʁa.lɛ/ or /ʁɑ.lɛ/ |
râlions /ʁa.ljɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.ljɔ̃/ |
râliez /ʁa.lje/ or /ʁɑ.lje/ |
râlaient /ʁa.lɛ/ or /ʁɑ.lɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | râlai /ʁa.le/ or /ʁɑ.le/ |
râlas /ʁa.la/ or /ʁɑ.la/ |
râla /ʁa.la/ or /ʁɑ.la/ |
râlâmes /ʁa.lam/ or /ʁɑ.lam/ |
râlâtes /ʁa.lat/ or /ʁɑ.lat/ |
râlèrent /ʁa.lɛʁ/ or /ʁɑ.lɛʁ/ | |
| future | râlerai /ʁal.ʁe/ or /ʁɑl.ʁe/ |
râleras /ʁal.ʁa/ or /ʁɑl.ʁa/ |
râlera /ʁal.ʁa/ or /ʁɑl.ʁa/ |
râlerons /ʁal.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɔ̃/ |
râlerez /ʁal.ʁe/ or /ʁɑl.ʁe/ |
râleront /ʁal.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | râlerais /ʁal.ʁɛ/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɛ/ |
râlerais /ʁal.ʁɛ/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɛ/ |
râlerait /ʁal.ʁɛ/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɛ/ |
râlerions /ʁa.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
râleriez /ʁa.lə.ʁje/ or /ʁɑ.lə.ʁje/ |
râleraient /ʁal.ʁɛ/ or /ʁɑl.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | râle /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râles /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râle /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
râlions /ʁa.ljɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.ljɔ̃/ |
râliez /ʁa.lje/ or /ʁɑ.lje/ |
râlent /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
| imperfect2 | râlasse /ʁa.las/ or /ʁɑ.las/ |
râlasses /ʁa.las/ or /ʁɑ.las/ |
râlât /ʁa.la/ or /ʁɑ.la/ |
râlassions /ʁa.la.sjɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.la.sjɔ̃/ |
râlassiez /ʁa.la.sje/ or /ʁɑ.la.sje/ |
râlassent /ʁa.las/ or /ʁɑ.las/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | râle /ʁal/ or /ʁɑl/ |
— | râlons /ʁa.lɔ̃/ or /ʁɑ.lɔ̃/ |
râlez /ʁa.le/ or /ʁɑ.le/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
[edit]- “râler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.