pervertir

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Catalan

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin pervertere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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pervertir (first-person singular present perverteixo, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertit)

  1. (transitive) to pervert

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of pervertir (third conjugation, with -eix-)
infinitive pervertir
gerund pervertint
past participle masculine feminine
singular pervertit pervertida
plural pervertits pervertides
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present perverteixo perverteixes perverteix pervertim pervertiu perverteixen
imperfect pervertia perverties pervertia pervertíem pervertíeu pervertien
future pervertiré pervertiràs pervertirà pervertirem pervertireu pervertiran
preterite pervertí pervertires pervertí pervertírem pervertíreu pervertiren
conditional pervertiria pervertiries pervertiria pervertiríem pervertiríeu pervertirien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè 		nosaltres
nós 		vosaltres
vós 		ells/elles
vostès
present perverteixi perverteixis perverteixi pervertim pervertiu perverteixin
imperfect pervertís pervertissis pervertís pervertíssim pervertíssiu pervertissin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós 		vostès
affirmative — perverteix perverteixi pervertim pervertiu perverteixin
negative (no) — no perverteixis no perverteixi no pervertim no pervertiu no perverteixin
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Further reading

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French

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin pervertere, pervertō with change of conjugation class.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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pervertir

  1. to worsen; to corrupt

Conjugation

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This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of pervertir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple pervertir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple pervertissant
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle perverti
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present pervertis
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertis
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertit
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertissons
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ 		pervertissez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ 		pervertissent
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
imperfect pervertissais
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ 		pervertissais
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ 		pervertissait
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/ 		pervertissions
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ 		pervertissiez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ 		pervertissaient
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɛ/
past historic2 pervertis
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertis
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertit
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertîmes
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tim/ 		pervertîtes
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tit/ 		pervertirent
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tiʁ/
future pervertirai
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ 		pervertiras
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ 		pervertira
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁa/ 		pervertirons
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ 		pervertirez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁe/ 		pervertiront
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɔ̃/
conditional pervertirais
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		pervertirais
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		pervertirait
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/ 		pervertirions
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ 		pervertiriez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁje/ 		pervertiraient
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present pervertisse
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ 		pervertisses
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ 		pervertisse
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ 		pervertissions
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ 		pervertissiez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ 		pervertissent
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
imperfect2 pervertisse
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ 		pervertisses
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/ 		pervertît
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		pervertissions
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sjɔ̃/ 		pervertissiez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sje/ 		pervertissent
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.tis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — pervertis
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti/ 		— pervertissons
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.sɔ̃/ 		pervertissez
/pɛʁ.vɛʁ.ti.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

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Further reading

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Old French

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Etymology

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From Latin pervertō.

Verb

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pervertir

  1. (transitive) to lead astray
  2. (intransitive) to be led astray

Conjugation

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This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of pervertir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive pervertir avoir perverti
gerund en pervertissant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle pervertissant
past participle perverti
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present pervertis pervertis pervertist pervertissons pervertissez pervertissent
imperfect pervertissoie, pervertisseie pervertissoies, pervertisseies pervertissoit, pervertisseit pervertissiiens, pervertissiens pervertissiiez, pervertissiez pervertissoient, pervertisseient
preterite perverti pervertis perverti pervertimes pervertistes pervertirent
future pervertirai pervertiras pervertira pervertirons pervertiroiz, pervertireiz, pervertirez pervertiront
conditional pervertiroie, pervertireie pervertiroies, pervertireies pervertiroit, pervertireit pervertiriiens, pervertiriens pervertiriiez, pervertiriez pervertiroient, pervertireient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present pervertisse pervertisses pervertisse pervertissons pervertissez pervertissent
imperfect pervertisse pervertisses pervertist pervertissons, pervertissiens pervertissoiz, pervertissez, pervertissiez pervertissent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— pervertis — pervertissons pervertissez —

Descendants

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  • English: to pervert
  • French: pervertir

Spanish

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Etymology

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From Latin pervertere.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /peɾbeɾˈtiɾ/ [peɾ.β̞eɾˈt̪iɾ]
  • Rhymes: -iɾ
  • Syllabification: per‧ver‧tir

Verb

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pervertir (first-person singular present pervierto, first-person singular preterite pervertí, past participle pervertido)

  1. (transitive) to pervert, lead astray, garble, corrupt

Conjugation

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    Conjugation of pervertir (e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive pervertir
gerund pervirtiendo
past participle masculine feminine
singular pervertido pervertida
plural pervertidos pervertidas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present pervierto perviertestú
pervertísvos 		pervierte pervertimos pervertís pervierten
imperfect pervertía pervertías pervertía pervertíamos pervertíais pervertían
preterite pervertí pervertiste pervirtió pervertimos pervertisteis pervirtieron
future pervertiré pervertirás pervertirá pervertiremos pervertiréis pervertirán
conditional pervertiría pervertirías pervertiría pervertiríamos pervertiríais pervertirían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present pervierta perviertastú
pervirtásvos2 		pervierta pervirtamos pervirtáis perviertan
imperfect
(ra) 		pervirtiera pervirtieras pervirtiera pervirtiéramos pervirtierais pervirtieran
imperfect
(se) 		pervirtiese pervirtieses pervirtiese pervirtiésemos pervirtieseis pervirtiesen
future1 pervirtiere pervirtieres pervirtiere pervirtiéremos pervirtiereis pervirtieren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative perviertetú
pervertívos 		pervierta pervirtamos pervertid perviertan
negative no perviertas no pervierta no pervirtamos no pervirtáis no perviertan

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of pervertir (e-ie-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive pervertir
dative pervertirme pervertirte pervertirle, pervertirse pervertirnos pervertiros pervertirles, pervertirse
accusative pervertirme pervertirte pervertirlo, pervertirla, pervertirse pervertirnos pervertiros pervertirlos, pervertirlas, pervertirse
with gerund pervirtiendo
dative pervirtiéndome pervirtiéndote pervirtiéndole, pervirtiéndose pervirtiéndonos pervirtiéndoos pervirtiéndoles, pervirtiéndose
accusative pervirtiéndome pervirtiéndote pervirtiéndolo, pervirtiéndola, pervirtiéndose pervirtiéndonos pervirtiéndoos pervirtiéndolos, pervirtiéndolas, pervirtiéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative pervierte
dative perviérteme perviértete perviértele perviértenos not used perviérteles
accusative perviérteme perviértete perviértelo, perviértela perviértenos not used perviértelos, perviértelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative pervertí
dative pervertime pervertite pervertile pervertinos not used pervertiles
accusative pervertime pervertite pervertilo, pervertila pervertinos not used pervertilos, pervertilas
with formal second-person singular imperative pervierta
dative perviértame not used perviértale, perviértase perviértanos not used perviértales
accusative perviértame not used perviértalo, perviértala, perviértase perviértanos not used perviértalos, perviértalas
with first-person plural imperative pervirtamos
dative not used pervirtámoste pervirtámosle pervirtámonos pervirtámoos pervirtámosles
accusative not used pervirtámoste pervirtámoslo, pervirtámosla pervirtámonos pervirtámoos pervirtámoslos, pervirtámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative pervertid
dative pervertidme not used pervertidle pervertidnos pervertíos pervertidles
accusative pervertidme not used pervertidlo, pervertidla pervertidnos pervertíos pervertidlos, pervertidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative perviertan
dative perviértanme not used perviértanle perviértannos not used perviértanles, perviértanse
accusative perviértanme not used perviértanlo, perviértanla perviértannos not used perviértanlos, perviértanlas, perviértanse
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Further reading

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