paja
Estonian
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja
Finnish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *paja. Cognates include Estonian paja, Ingrian paja, Karelian paja, Ludian paja, Livvi paja, Veps paja and Votic paja.
Noun
[edit]paja
- smithy, forge
- workshop
- Synonym: työpaja
- (slang) workplace
- Synonym: työpaikka
- Olin pajalla koko viikonlopun.
- I spent the whole weekend at work.
Declension
[edit]Inflection of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | paja | pajat | |
genitive | pajan | pajojen | |
partitive | pajaa | pajoja | |
illative | pajaan | pajoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | paja | pajat | |
accusative | nom. | paja | pajat |
gen. | pajan | ||
genitive | pajan | pajojen pajain rare | |
partitive | pajaa | pajoja | |
inessive | pajassa | pajoissa | |
elative | pajasta | pajoista | |
illative | pajaan | pajoihin | |
adessive | pajalla | pajoilla | |
ablative | pajalta | pajoilta | |
allative | pajalle | pajoille | |
essive | pajana | pajoina | |
translative | pajaksi | pajoiksi | |
abessive | pajatta | pajoitta | |
instructive | — | pajoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “paja”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-09-01
Etymology 2
[edit]Back-formation from pajauttaa
Noun
[edit]paja (slang)
Declension
[edit]Inflection of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | paja | pajat | |
genitive | pajan | pajojen | |
partitive | pajaa | pajoja | |
illative | pajaan | pajoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | paja | pajat | |
accusative | nom. | paja | pajat |
gen. | pajan | ||
genitive | pajan | pajojen pajain rare | |
partitive | pajaa | pajoja | |
inessive | pajassa | pajoissa | |
elative | pajasta | pajoista | |
illative | pajaan | pajoihin | |
adessive | pajalla | pajoilla | |
ablative | pajalta | pajoilta | |
allative | pajalle | pajoille | |
essive | pajana | pajoina | |
translative | pajaksi | pajoiksi | |
abessive | pajatta | pajoitta | |
instructive | — | pajoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of paja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *paja. Cognates include Finnish paja and Estonian paja.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑjɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpɑjɑ/, [ˈpɑjɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑjɑ
- Hyphenation: pa‧ja
Noun
[edit]paja
Declension
[edit]Declension of paja (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | paja | pajat |
genitive | pajan | paijoin |
partitive | paijaa | pajoja |
illative | paijaa | paijoi |
inessive | pajas | pajois |
elative | pajast | pajoist |
allative | pajalle | pajoille |
adessive | pajal | pajoil |
ablative | pajalt | pajoilt |
translative | pajaks | pajoiks |
essive | pajanna, paijaan | pajoinna, paijoin |
exessive1) | pajant | pajoint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 376
Istriot
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin palea, from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”); compare Venetan paja.
Noun
[edit]paja
- straw (dried stalks of cereal plants)
Kashubian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
[edit]paja f
- (derogatory) hand (especially a big one)
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja f
- (Canada, United States) pie
Further reading
[edit]- Stanislow Frymark (2020) “paja”, in Kashubian Language in Canada, the USA and New Zealand; Lexical Interferences in Kashubian Language in Canada, the USA and New Zealand, Zómk Zôbòrsczi, →ISBN
- Sychta, Bernard (1970) “paja”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 4 (P – Ř), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 9
- Jan Trepczyk (1994) “ręka”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ręka”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2]
Ladino
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Spanish, from Latin palea (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).
Noun
[edit]paja f (Latin spelling)
Makasar
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja (Lontara spelling ᨄᨍ)
Spanish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Spanish paja, from Latin palea (“chaff”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“flour, dust”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja f (plural pajas)
- (countable) straw (dried stalk of a cereal plant)
- (uncountable) straw (dried stalks considered collectively)
- Él tiene puesto un sombrero de paja.
- He is wearing a straw hat
- (literally, “a hat made of straw”)
- drinking straw
- (slang) wank, jerk off, handjob, masturbation
- (colloquial, Guatemala, El Salvador, Colombia, Venezuela) lie, falsehood
- Todos los políticos hablan paja.
- All politicians tell lies.
- 2013, Devendra Banhart (lyrics and music), “Mi Negrita”, in Mala:
- Mi amor no te hablo paja / Aunque no es la verdad
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (Peru, slang) very good, great, excellent
- ¡Que canción paja tocaron en la radio!
- What a great song they played on the radio!
- (vulgar, uncountable, Argentina, Chile) laziness, tiredness, fatigue
- ¿Tenemos que caminar treinta cuadras? ¡Qué paja!
- We have to walk thirty blocks? But I'm so tired!
- (vulgar, uncountable, Chile) effort, a task, for example, that requires a lot of energy to complete.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Dutch: pagga
Further reading
[edit]- “paja”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
Swahili
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja class V (plural mapaja class VI)
- thigh
- paja la kuku ― chicken thigh
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Tavringer Romani pagra, paggra (“to break, to destroy”), from Romani phag- (“to break, to destroy”). Related to Sanskrit भनक्ति (bhanakti, “to break”).
Verb
[edit]paja (present pajar, preterite pajade, supine pajat, imperative paja)
- (intransitive, colloquial) to stop working, to become broken
- Diskmaskinen pajade nyss.
- The dishwasher just broke.
- (transitive, colloquial) to break, to cause to malfunction
- Jag har råkat paja min tv.
- I've accidentally broken my TV.
- Jag råkade paja vasen
- I accidentally broke the vase
Conjugation
[edit]Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | paja | pajas | ||
Supine | pajat | pajats | ||
Imperative | paja | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | pajen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | pajar | pajade | pajas | pajades |
Ind. plural1 | paja | pajade | pajas | pajades |
Subjunctive2 | paje | pajade | pajes | pajades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | pajande | |||
Past participle | pajad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- paja in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- Gerd Carling (2005) “paja”, in Romani i svenskan: Storstadsslang och standardspråk, Stockholm: Carlsson, →ISBN, page 96
Venetan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin palea. Compare Italian paglia.
Noun
[edit]paja f (plural paje)
Veps
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *paja.
Noun
[edit]paja
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of paja (inflection type 5/sana) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative sing. | paja | ||
genitive sing. | pajan | ||
partitive sing. | pajad | ||
partitive plur. | pajoid | ||
singular | plural | ||
nominative | paja | pajad | |
accusative | pajan | pajad | |
genitive | pajan | pajoiden | |
partitive | pajad | pajoid | |
essive-instructive | pajan | pajoin | |
translative | pajaks | pajoikš | |
inessive | pajas | pajoiš | |
elative | pajaspäi | pajoišpäi | |
illative | pajaha | pajoihe | |
adessive | pajal | pajoil | |
ablative | pajalpäi | pajoilpäi | |
allative | pajale | pajoile | |
abessive | pajata | pajoita | |
comitative | pajanke | pajoidenke | |
prolative | pajadme | pajoidme | |
approximative I | pajanno | pajoidenno | |
approximative II | pajannoks | pajoidennoks | |
egressive | pajannopäi | pajoidennopäi | |
terminative I | pajahasai | pajoihesai | |
terminative II | pajalesai | pajoilesai | |
terminative III | pajassai | — | |
additive I | pajahapäi | pajoihepäi | |
additive II | pajalepäi | pajoilepäi |
References
[edit]- Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “ателье, кузница”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary][3], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Votic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *paja.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]paja
Inflection
[edit]Declension of paja (type III/jalkõ, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | paja | pajad |
genitive | paja | pajojõ, pajoi |
partitive | pajja | pajoitõ, pajoi |
illative | pajjasõ, pajja | pajoisõ |
inessive | pajaz | pajoiz |
elative | pajassõ | pajoissõ |
allative | pajalõ | pajoilõ |
adessive | pajallõ | pajoillõ |
ablative | pajaltõ | pajoiltõ |
translative | pajassi | pajoissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “paja”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑjɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑjɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish slang
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- Finnish back-formations
- fi:Marijuana
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑjɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑjɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- izh:Buildings
- Istriot terms derived from Latin
- Istriot terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Istriot lemmas
- Istriot nouns
- Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Kashubian/aja
- Rhymes:Kashubian/aja/2 syllables
- Kashubian lemmas
- Kashubian nouns
- Kashubian feminine nouns
- Kashubian derogatory terms
- Kashubian terms borrowed from English
- Kashubian terms derived from English
- Canada Kashubian
- United States Kashubian
- Ladino terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Ladino terms derived from Old Spanish
- Ladino terms inherited from Latin
- Ladino terms derived from Latin
- Ladino terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ladino lemmas
- Ladino nouns
- Ladino nouns in Latin script
- Ladino feminine nouns
- Makasar terms with IPA pronunciation
- Makasar lemmas
- Makasar nouns
- mak:Anatomy
- Spanish terms inherited from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms derived from Old Spanish
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/axa
- Rhymes:Spanish/axa/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish uncountable nouns
- Spanish terms with usage examples
- Spanish slang
- Spanish colloquialisms
- Guatemalan Spanish
- Salvadorian Spanish
- Colombian Spanish
- Venezuelan Spanish
- Spanish terms with quotations
- Peruvian Spanish
- Spanish vulgarities
- Argentinian Spanish
- Chilean Spanish
- Swahili terms with audio pronunciation
- Swahili lemmas
- Swahili nouns
- Swahili class V nouns
- Swahili terms with collocations
- sw:Anatomy
- Swedish terms borrowed from Tavringer Romani
- Swedish terms derived from Tavringer Romani
- Swedish terms derived from Romani
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish intransitive verbs
- Swedish colloquialisms
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish transitive verbs
- Swedish weak verbs
- Venetan terms inherited from Latin
- Venetan terms derived from Latin
- Venetan lemmas
- Venetan nouns
- Venetan feminine nouns
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps nouns
- Veps sana-type nominals
- Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑjɑ
- Rhymes:Votic/ɑjɑ/2 syllables
- Votic lemmas
- Votic nouns
- Votic jalkõ-type nominals