kold

See also: köld and køld

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish kald, from Old Norse kaldr, from Proto-Germanic *kaldaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kɒl/, [kʰʌlˀ]
Rhymes: -ɒl

Adjective

kold

cold (having a low temperature)
cold (unfriendly, emotionally distant or unfeeling)

Inflection

Inflection of *kold*
	positive	comparative	superlative
indefinite common singular	kold	koldere	koldest²
indefinite neuter singular	koldt	koldere	koldest²
plural	kolde	koldere	koldest²
definite attributive¹	kolde	koldere	koldeste

¹ When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite,
the corresponding "indefinite" form is used.
² The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *këlta, of Baltic origin, compare Lithuanian geltas (“yellow”) and Latvian dzelta, dzelte (“ground pine”). Cognate to Finnish kelta.

Noun

kold (genitive kolla, partitive kolda)

species of moss from the genus Lycopodium ; ground pine

Declension

Declension of kold (ÕS type 22i/külm, d-l gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		kold	kollad
accusative	nom.	kold
accusative	gen.	kolla
genitive		kolla	koldade
partitive		kolda	koldi koldasid
illative		kolda kollasse	koldadesse kollisse
inessive		kollas	koldades kollis
elative		kollast	koldadest kollist
allative		kollale	koldadele kollile
adessive		kollal	koldadel kollil
ablative		kollalt	koldadelt kollilt
translative		kollaks	koldadeks kolliks
terminative		kollani	koldadeni
essive		kollana	koldadena
abessive		kollata	koldadeta
comitative		kollaga	koldadega

Derived terms

kollane

German Low German

Alternative forms

(Low Prussian) kol
kolt

Etymology

From Middle Low German kôlt, from Old Saxon kāld.

The A became an O through the effect of the velarised L in the same manner as in Dutch koud. Cognate with Dutch koud, West Frisian kâld, German kalt, English cold, Danish kold.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʰɔːɫt/

Adjective

kold (comparative köller, superlative köllst)

cold

Declension

Positive forms of kold

gender		singular			plural
gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		he is kold	se is kold	dat is kold	se sünd kold
partitive		een kolls	een kolls	wat kolls	allens koll
strong declension (without article)	nominative	kolle	kolle	kold	kolle
strong declension (without article)	oblique	kollen	kolle	kold	kolle
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	de kolle	de kolle	dat kolle	de kollen
weak declension (with definite article)	oblique	den kollen	de kolle	dat kolle	de kollen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	en kolle/kollen	en kolle	en kold/kollet	(keen) kollen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	oblique	en kollen	en kolle	en kold/kollet	(keen) kollen

Comparative forms of kold

gender		singular			plural
gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		he is köller	se is köller	dat is köller	se sünd köller
partitive		een köllers	een köllers	wat köllers	allens köller
strong declension (without article)	nominative	köllere	köllere	köller	köllere
strong declension (without article)	oblique	köllern	köllere	köller	köllere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	de köllere	de köllere	dat köllere	de köllern
weak declension (with definite article)	oblique	den köllern	de köllere	dat köllere	de köllern
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	en köllere/kölleren	en köllere	en köller	(keen) köllern
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	oblique	en köllern	en köllere	en köller	(keen) köllern

Superlative forms of kold

gender		singular			plural
gender		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		he is de Köllste	se is de Köllste	dat is dat Köllste	se sünd de Köllsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	köllste	köllste	köllst	köllste
strong declension (without article)	oblique	köllsten	köllste	köllst	köllste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	de köllste	de köllste	dat köllste	de köllsten
weak declension (with definite article)	oblique	den köllsten	de köllste	dat köllste	de köllsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	en köllste/köllsten	en köllste	en köllst	(keen) köllsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	oblique	en köllsten	en köllste	en köllst	(keen) köllsten

Note: This declension is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Middle Low German

Adjective

kôld

Alternative spelling of kôlt.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

(Voss) IPA^(key): [kold]

Adjective

kold f

(dialectal, Voss, Hardanger) feminine singular of kald’u
(dialectal, Setesdal) feminine singular of kald’e