gjarn
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Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse gjarn, from Proto-Germanic *gernaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]gjarn (comparative gjarnari, superlative gjarnastur)
Declension
[edit] positive (strong declension)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarn | gjörn | gjarnt |
accusative | gjarnan | gjarna | gjarnt |
dative | gjörnum | gjarnri | gjörnu |
genitive | gjarns | gjarnrar | gjarns |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjarnir | gjarnar | gjörn |
accusative | gjarna | gjarnar | gjörn |
dative | gjörnum | gjörnum | gjörnum |
genitive | gjarnra | gjarnra | gjarnra |
positive (weak declension)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarni | gjarna | gjarna |
accusative | gjarna | gjörnu | gjarna |
dative | gjarna | gjörnu | gjarna |
genitive | gjarna | gjörnu | gjarna |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjörnu | gjörnu | gjörnu |
accusative | gjörnu | gjörnu | gjörnu |
dative | gjörnu | gjörnu | gjörnu |
genitive | gjörnu | gjörnu | gjörnu |
comparative
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnara |
accusative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnara |
dative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnara |
genitive | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnara |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnari |
accusative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnari |
dative | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnari |
genitive | gjarnari | gjarnari | gjarnari |
superlative (strong declension)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarnastur | gjörnust | gjarnast |
accusative | gjarnastan | gjarnasta | gjarnast |
dative | gjörnustum | gjarnastri | gjörnustu |
genitive | gjarnasts | gjarnastrar | gjarnasts |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjarnastir | gjarnastar | gjörnust |
accusative | gjarnasta | gjarnastar | gjörnust |
dative | gjörnustum | gjörnustum | gjörnustum |
genitive | gjarnastra | gjarnastra | gjarnastra |
superlative (weak declension)
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarnasti | gjarnasta | gjarnasta |
accusative | gjarnasta | gjörnustu | gjarnasta |
dative | gjarnasta | gjörnustu | gjarnasta |
genitive | gjarnasta | gjörnustu | gjarnasta |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjörnustu | gjörnustu | gjörnustu |
accusative | gjörnustu | gjörnustu | gjörnustu |
dative | gjörnustu | gjörnustu | gjörnustu |
genitive | gjörnustu | gjörnustu | gjörnustu |
Further reading
[edit]- “gjarn” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *gernaz. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰer- (“to yearn”).
Adjective
[edit]gjarn
- eager, desirous
- 9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 5:
- […] þás árgjǫrn / Jóta dolgi
Svía kind / of sóa skyldi.- […] Then, when the harvest-eager / kin of the Swedes
had to sacrifice / the enemy of the Jutes.
- […] Then, when the harvest-eager / kin of the Swedes
- 9th c., Þjóðólfr of Hvinir, Ynglingatal, verse 5:
- (with dative) willing to follow one
Declension
[edit] Strong declension of gjarn
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarn | gjǫrn | gjarnt |
accusative | gjarnan | gjarna | gjarnt |
dative | gjǫrnum | gjarni | gjǫrnu |
genitive | gjarns | gjarnar | gjarns |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjarnir | gjarnar | gjǫrn |
accusative | gjarna | gjarnar | gjǫrn |
dative | gjǫrnum | gjǫrnum | gjǫrnum |
genitive | gjarna | gjarna | gjarna |
Weak declension of gjarn
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | gjarni | gjarna | gjarna |
accusative | gjarna | gjǫrnu | gjarna |
dative | gjarna | gjǫrnu | gjarna |
genitive | gjarna | gjǫrnu | gjarna |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
nominative | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu |
accusative | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu |
dative | gjǫrnum | gjǫrnum | gjǫrnum |
genitive | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu | gjǫrnu |
Derived terms
[edit]- árgjarn (“eager for harvests”)
- fremðargjarn (“eager for fame”)
- lofgjarn (“eager for praise”)
- tírargjarn (“eager for glory”)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “gjarn”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 1-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/artn
- Rhymes:Icelandic/artn/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Icelandic/atn
- Rhymes:Icelandic/atn/1 syllable
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic adjectives
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰer- (yearn)
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse adjectives
- Old Norse terms with quotations