宵
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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宵 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十火月 (JFB), four-corner 30227, composition ⿱宀肖)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7168
- Dae Jaweon: page 566, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 932, character 2
- Unihan data for U+5BB5
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 宵 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 宵 | |
| alternative forms | 霄 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Historical forms of the character 宵 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
|
|
|
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 梢 | *sreːw |
| 捎 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 筲 | *sreːw |
| 鞘 | *sreːw, *slewɢs |
| 艄 | *sreːw |
| 蛸 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 髾 | *sreːw |
| 輎 | *sreːw |
| 旓 | *sreːw |
| 弰 | *sreːw |
| 鮹 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 綃 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 颵 | *sreːw |
| 莦 | *sreːw, *sew |
| 娋 | *sreːw, *sreːws |
| 稍 | *sreːws |
| 哨 | *sreːws, *sʰews, *sew |
| 揱 | *sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ |
| 潲 | *sreːws |
| 睄 | *sreːws |
| 悄 | *sʰewʔ |
| 俏 | *sʰews |
| 峭 | *sʰews |
| 陗 | *sʰews |
| 帩 | *sʰews |
| 誚 | *zews |
| 消 | *sew |
| 宵 | *sew |
| 霄 | *sew |
| 硝 | *sew |
| 銷 | *sew |
| 逍 | *sew |
| 魈 | *sew |
| 痟 | *slew |
| 焇 | *sew |
| 肖 | *slew, *slews |
| 韒 | *slewɢs |
| 趙 | *l'ewʔ |
| 箾 | *seːw, *sleːw |
| 踃 | *seːw |
| 削 | *slewɢ |
| 矟 | *sreːwɢ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sew) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 肖 (OC *slew, *slews).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): siu1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sêu
- Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1shiau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siao
- Wade–Giles: hsiao1
- Yale: syāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
- Palladius: сяо (sjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: siu1
- Yale: sīu
- Cantonese Pinyin: siu1
- Guangdong Romanization: xiu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sêu
- Hakka Romanization System: seuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: seu1
- Sinological IPA: /seu̯²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu
- Sinological IPA (key): /sieu⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- siou1 - Chaozhou;
- siao1 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang.
- Middle Chinese: sjew
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sew/
Definitions
[edit]宵
- (literary) night; evening
- 寒蟬淒切。對長亭晚，驟雨初歇。都門帳飲無緒，留戀處、蘭舟催發。執手相看淚眼，竟無語凝噎。念去去、千里煙波，暮靄沉沉楚天闊。多情自古傷離別，更那堪、冷落清秋節。今宵酒醒何處？楊柳岸、曉風殘月。此去經年，應是良辰好景虛設。便縱有、千種風情，更與何人說？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 《雨霖鈴》 - 柳永 （宋朝)
- Hán chán qī qiè. Duì cháng tíng wǎn, zhòu yǔ chū xiē. Dōumén zhàng yǐn wú xù, liúliàn chù, lán zhōu cuī fā. Zhíshǒu xiàng kàn lèiyǎn, jìng wúyǔ níngyē. Niàn qù qù, qiānlǐ yān bō, mù ǎi chén chén chǔ tiān kuò. Duōqíng zìgǔ shāng líbié, gèng nà kān, lěngluò qīng qiū jié. Jīnxiāo jiǔ xǐng héchù? Yángliǔ àn, xiǎo fēng cányuè. Cǐ qù jīng nián, yìng shì liángchén hǎo jǐng xūshè. Biàn zòng yǒu, qiān zhǒng fēngqíng, gèng yǔ hérén shuō? [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
寒蝉凄切。对长亭晚，骤雨初歇。都门帐饮无绪，留恋处、兰舟催发。执手相看泪眼，竟无语凝噎。念去去、千里烟波，暮霭沉沉楚天阔。多情自古伤离别，更那堪、冷落清秋节。今宵酒醒何处？杨柳岸、晓风残月。此去经年，应是良辰好景虚设。便纵有、千种风情，更与何人说？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (archaic) Synonym of 小 (xiǎo, “small”)
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siào
- Wade–Giles: hsiao4
- Yale: syàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
- Palladius: сяо (sjao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]宵
Japanese
[edit]| Shinjitai | 宵 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
宵󠄁 宵+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 宵󠄃 宵+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
[edit]宵
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)←せう (seu, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)←せう (seu, historical)
- Kun: よい (yoi, 宵, Jōyō)←よひ (yofi, 宵, historical)、よる (yoru, 宵)、よ (yo, 宵)
Compounds
[edit]- 宵衣旰食 (shōikanshoku)
Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 宵 |
| よい Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
⟨yo2pi1⟩ → */jəpʲi/ → /joɸi/ → /jowi/ → /joi/
From Old Japanese.
Appears to be derived from a compound, the initial yo is likely from a y- stem cognate with 夕 (yū, “evening”), while the final i is likely from 日 (hi, “day”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- the hours after sunset until midnight, collectively: dusk, evening, and night
- the eve of an event, especially of a festival
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- 宵宵 (yoiyoi)
- 宵暁 (yoiakatsuki)
- 宵居 (yoī)
- 宵戎 (yoiebisu)
- 宵越し (yoigoshi)
- 宵庚申 (yoikōshin)
- 宵込め (yoigome)
- 宵皐月 (yoizatsuki)
- 宵涼み (yoisuzumi)
- 宵節供 (yoizekku)
- 宵立ち (yoidachi)
- 宵月 (yoizuki)
- 宵月夜 (yoizukiyo)
- 宵鳴き (yoinaki)
- 宵覗き (yoinozoki)
- 宵の年 (yoi no toshi)
- 宵の春 (yoi no haru)
- 宵の間 (yoi no ma)
- 宵の明星 (yoi no myōjō)
- 宵は待ち (Yoi wa Machi)
- 宵っ張り (yoippari)
- 宵番 (yoiban)
- 宵待ち (yoimachi)
- 宵惑い (yoimadoi)
- 宵闇 (yoiyami)
- 宵の内 (yoi no uchi)
- 宵の口 (yoi no kuchi)
- 今宵 (koyoi)
- 待宵 (matsuyoi)
Proverbs
[edit]- 朝題目に宵念仏 (asa daimoku ni yoi nenbutsu)
- 旨い物は宵に食え (umai mono wa yoi ni kue)
- 名のない星は宵から出る (na no nai hoshi wa yoi kara deru)
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 宵 |
| しょう Grade: S |
| on'yomi |
/seu/ → /ɕeu/ → /ɕoː/
From Middle Chinese 宵 (MC sjew).
Affix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 宵 (MC sjew). Recorded as Middle Korean 쇼 (syo) (Yale: syo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
Old Japanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Appears to be derived from a compound, the initial yo2 is likely from a y- stem cognate with 夕 (yupu, “evening”), while the final pi1 is likely from 日 (pi1, “day”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
[edit]宵 (yo2pi1) (kana よひ)
Quotations
[edit]For quotations using this term, see Citations:宵.
Coordinate terms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Japanese: 宵 (yoi)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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