conduire
See also: conduiré
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old French conduire, cunduire, from Latin condūcere (“lead, bring or draw together”), from con- + dūcō (“lead”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]conduire
- to drive (a vehicle)
- Il conduit la voiture.
- He is driving the car.
- to lead, to conduct
- (reflexive, se conduire) to behave, to conduct oneself
- Synonym: se comporter
- Les enfants se conduisent mal.
- The children are behaving badly.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of conduire (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | conduire | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | conduisant /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | conduit /kɔ̃.dɥi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | conduis /kɔ̃.dɥi/ |
conduis /kɔ̃.dɥi/ |
conduit /kɔ̃.dɥi/ |
conduisons /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɔ̃/ |
conduisez /kɔ̃.dɥi.ze/ |
conduisent /kɔ̃.dɥiz/ |
| imperfect | conduisais /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɛ/ |
conduisais /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɛ/ |
conduisait /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɛ/ |
conduisions /kɔ̃.dɥi.zjɔ̃/ |
conduisiez /kɔ̃.dɥi.zje/ |
conduisaient /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | conduisis /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi/ |
conduisis /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi/ |
conduisit /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi/ |
conduisîmes /kɔ̃.dɥi.zim/ |
conduisîtes /kɔ̃.dɥi.zit/ |
conduisirent /kɔ̃.dɥi.ziʁ/ | |
| future | conduirai /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁe/ |
conduiras /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁa/ |
conduira /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁa/ |
conduirons /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɔ̃/ |
conduirez /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁe/ |
conduiront /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | conduirais /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɛ/ |
conduirais /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɛ/ |
conduirait /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɛ/ |
conduirions /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
conduiriez /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁje/ |
conduiraient /kɔ̃.dɥi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | conduise /kɔ̃.dɥiz/ |
conduises /kɔ̃.dɥiz/ |
conduise /kɔ̃.dɥiz/ |
conduisions /kɔ̃.dɥi.zjɔ̃/ |
conduisiez /kɔ̃.dɥi.zje/ |
conduisent /kɔ̃.dɥiz/ |
| imperfect2 | conduisisse /kɔ̃.dɥi.zis/ |
conduisisses /kɔ̃.dɥi.zis/ |
conduisît /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi/ |
conduisissions /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi.sjɔ̃/ |
conduisissiez /kɔ̃.dɥi.zi.sje/ |
conduisissent /kɔ̃.dɥi.zis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | conduis /kɔ̃.dɥi/ |
— | conduisons /kɔ̃.dɥi.zɔ̃/ |
conduisez /kɔ̃.dɥi.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “conduire”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Old French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin condūcere, present active infinitive of condūcō (“lead, bring or draw together”), from con- + dūcō (“lead”).
Verb
[edit]conduire
- to steer; to guide; to lead
- c. 1150, Turoldus, La Chanson de Roland:
- Si aiderez a cunduire ma gent.
- If you will help me guide my people
Conjugation
[edit]This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of conduire (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | conduire | avoir conduit | |||||
| gerund | en conduisant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | conduisant | ||||||
| past participle | conduit | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | condui | conduis | conduit | conduions | conduiiez | conduient |
| imperfect | conduisoie, conduiseie | conduisoies, conduiseies | conduisoit, conduiseit | conduisiiens, conduisiens | conduisiiez, conduisiez | conduisoient, conduiseient | |
| preterite | conduis | conduisis | conduist | conduisimes | conduisistes | conduistrent | |
| future | conduirai | conduiras | conduira | conduirons | conduiroiz, conduireiz, conduirez | conduiront | |
| conditional | conduiroie, conduireie | conduiroies, conduireies | conduiroit, conduireit | conduiriiens, conduiriens | conduiriiez, conduiriez | conduiroient, conduireient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | conduie | conduies | conduie | conduiiens, conduions | conduiiez | conduient |
| imperfect | conduisisse | conduisisses | conduisist | conduisissons, conduisissiens | conduisissoiz, conduisissez, conduisissiez | conduisissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | condui | — | conduions | conduiiez | — | ||
Descendants
[edit]- French: conduire
References
[edit]- conduire on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (conduire)
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