aguerrir
Appearance
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]aguerrir (first-person singular present aguerreixo, first-person singular preterite aguerrí, past participle aguerrit)
- (transitive) to harden, especially by exposure to warfare
- 2018, Joan Casanovas Fortea, Montcroix:
- Els anys a la presó l'han aguerrit i només és amic dels seus amics, la resta són prescindibles.
- The years in prison have hardened him and he is only a friend to his friends, the rest are expendable.
Usage notes
[edit]Only the past participle is in common use.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of aguerrir (third conjugation, with -eix-)
Further reading
[edit]- “aguerrir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “aguerrir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]aguerrir
- to harden (become or make something resistant or less sensitive to)
Conjugation
[edit]This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of aguerrir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | aguerrir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | aguerrissant /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɑ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | aguerri /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | aguerris /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerris /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerrit /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerrissons /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɔ̃/ |
aguerrissez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.se/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.se/ |
aguerrissent /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
imperfect | aguerrissais /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɛ/ |
aguerrissais /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɛ/ |
aguerrissait /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɛ/ |
aguerrissions /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
aguerrissiez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sje/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sje/ |
aguerrissaient /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | aguerris /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerris /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerrit /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerrîmes /a.ɡɛ.ʁim/ or /a.ɡe.ʁim/ |
aguerrîtes /a.ɡɛ.ʁit/ or /a.ɡe.ʁit/ |
aguerrirent /a.ɡɛ.ʁiʁ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁiʁ/ | |
future | aguerrirai /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁe/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁe/ |
aguerriras /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁa/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁa/ |
aguerrira /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁa/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁa/ |
aguerrirons /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
aguerrirez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁe/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁe/ |
aguerriront /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | aguerrirais /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
aguerrirais /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
aguerrirait /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɛ/ |
aguerririons /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
aguerririez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁje/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁje/ |
aguerriraient /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.ʁɛ/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | aguerrisse /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
aguerrisses /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
aguerrisse /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
aguerrissions /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
aguerrissiez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sje/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sje/ |
aguerrissent /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
imperfect2 | aguerrisse /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
aguerrisses /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ |
aguerrît /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
aguerrissions /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
aguerrissiez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sje/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sje/ |
aguerrissent /a.ɡɛ.ʁis/ or /a.ɡe.ʁis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | aguerris /a.ɡɛ.ʁi/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi/ |
— | aguerrissons /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.sɔ̃/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.sɔ̃/ |
aguerrissez /a.ɡɛ.ʁi.se/ or /a.ɡe.ʁi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
[edit]- “aguerrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- Catalan terms prefixed with a-
- Catalan terms suffixed with -ir
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs
- Catalan third conjugation verbs with -eix-
- Catalan transitive verbs
- Catalan terms with quotations
- French terms prefixed with a-
- French terms suffixed with -ir
- French 3-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -ir
- French second group verbs