Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sanþaz
 |
This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *h₁s-ónt-s (“being, existing”), the present participle of *h₁es- (“to be”) (from which the present forms of *wesaną). Particularly close cognates semantically include Hittite [script needed] (ašant-, “true, real”), Sanskrit सन्त् (sánt, “being, real, good”), Latin sōns (“guilty”).[1] Compare also *sundī (“guilt, misdeed”), an abstract noun derived from *h₁sóntih₂, genitive *h₁sn̥tyéh₂s, the feminine form of the participle.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]*sanþaz
Inflection
[edit]Declension of *sanþaz (a-stem)
| Strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *sanþaz | *sanþai | *sanþō | *sanþôz | *sanþą, -atō | *sanþō |
| Accusative | *sanþanǭ | *sanþanz | *sanþǭ | *sanþōz | *sanþą, -atō | *sanþō |
| Genitive | *sanþas, -is | *sanþaizǫ̂ | *sanþaizōz | *sanþaizǫ̂ | *sanþas, -is | *sanþaizǫ̂ |
| Dative | *sanþammai | *sanþaimaz | *sanþaizōi | *sanþaimaz | *sanþammai | *sanþaimaz |
| Instrumental | *sanþanō | *sanþaimiz | *sanþaizō | *sanþaimiz | *sanþanō | *sanþaimiz |
| Weak declension | ||||||
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *sanþô | *sanþaniz | *sanþǭ | *sanþōniz | *sanþô | *sanþōnō |
| Accusative | *sanþanų | *sanþanunz | *sanþōnų | *sanþōnunz | *sanþô | *sanþōnō |
| Genitive | *sanþiniz | *sanþanǫ̂ | *sanþōniz | *sanþōnǫ̂ | *sanþiniz | *sanþanǫ̂ |
| Dative | *sanþini | *sanþammaz | *sanþōni | *sanþōmaz | *sanþini | *sanþammaz |
| Instrumental | *sanþinē | *sanþammiz | *sanþōnē | *sanþōmiz | *sanþinē | *sanþammiz |