lesen

lesen

1. third-person plural imperfect subjunctive of ler

From Middle High German lesen, from Old High German lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to gather”), from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”). Cognate with English lease (“to gather”) [with an obsolete meaning], cognate with Dutch lezen (“to read”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈleːzn̩/ (Germany)
• IPA^(key): /ˈleːsn̩/ (Austria)

• Audio:

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• Audio:

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• Audio (Austria):

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lesen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liest, past tense las, past participle gelesen, past subjunctive läse, auxiliary haben)

1. (transitive or intransitive) to read (look at and understand symbols, words, or data)
2. (transitive) to select and gather or harvest (things like grapes)

• “lesen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
• “lesen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
• “lesen” in Duden online
• “lesen” in Duden online

• lësen (western Low Prussian)
• lëse (eastern Low Prussian)

From Proto-Germanic *lesaną.

Cognate with Dutch Low Saxon leazn, lezen; Plautdietsch läsen; German lesen; Dutch lezen.

lesen (past singular lees, past participle leest or lesen, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. (transitive or intransitive) to read

   Hest du de Daagbläder vunmorgen leest?

   Did you read the newspapers this morning?

2. (rare, dated, transitive or intransitive) to gather up

• 3rd ps. sg. pres.: (hei) lest, les't
• imp. sg.: les'

les +‎ -en

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɛʃɛn]
• Hyphenation: le‧sen

lesen

1. superessive singular of les

Borrowed from English licence. The loss of the final consonant -ce /s/ is either due to constraint against final consonant clusters, or being analysed as a plural ending (Malay lacked regular plurals).

• IPA^(key): /lesen/
• Rhymes: -sen, -en
• Hyphenation: lé‧sén

lesen (Jawi spelling ليسين, plural lesen-lesen, informal 1st possessive lesenku, 2nd possessive lesenmu, 3rd possessive lesennya)

1. A licence.

• lisensi (Indonesia)

• “lesen” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

From Old Dutch lesan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną, from Proto-Indo-European *les- (“to gather”).

lēsen

1. to gather, to collect
2. to read
3. to read out loud (to an audience)

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

• Dutch: lezen
  • Afrikaans: lees
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: lesi
  • Javindo: lesen
  • Jersey Dutch: lêze
  • Negerhollands: lees
  • → Lokono: alesedin
  • →? Mahican: lesówu
  • → Papiamentu: lesa, leza
  • → Sranan Tongo: leisi
    • Aukan: leisi
    • Saramaccan: lési
    • → Caribbean Javanese: lési
    • → Kari'na: resima
• Limburgish: laeze, leuze

• “lesen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “lesen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

Inherited from Old High German lësan, from Proto-West Germanic *lesan, from Proto-Germanic *lesaną (“to collect”). The sense “to read”, found throughout North and West Germanic except English, is a semantic loan from Latin legō.

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈlɛs̠ən/

lësen (class 5 strong, third-person singular present liset, past tense las, past participle gelësen, past subjunctive læse, auxiliary hān)

1. to read, to read aloud
2. to examine
3. to collect

• Alemannic German: läse, lääse
• Bavarian: lesn

  Cimbrian: lesan, lèzan (Sette Comuni)

• Central Franconian:

  Hunsrik: lese

• German: lesen
• Luxembourgish: liesen
• Rhine Franconian:

  Pennsylvania German: lese

• Vilamovian: łaoza

lesen (neuter lese, definite singular and plural lesne)

1. past participle of lesa

• lesne, nesle, selen