Search Results

An approach to the application of the Dempster-Shafer theory in the megacity community security risk assessment,
Ke Yin, Haiyun Zhou, Jimin Chen and Chen Zhao, in International Journal of Reliability and Safety (2021)
Keywords: risk assessment; modern community security; megacities; Dempster-Shafer theory.

Multi fuzzy vault based on secret sharing for deadlock restoration,
Hongtao Chen, Heng Zhao, Liaojun Pang, Jimin Liang and Jie Tian, in International Journal of Information Technology and Management (2012)
Keywords: biometrics encryption; fuzzy vault; secret sharing; message deadlock; deadlock restoration; keys; cryptography.

A Study of Students' Achievement Evaluation Modes Based on Practical Courses concerning Higher Vocational Gardening Technology Major,
Jimin Ma, in Asian Agricultural Research (2016)
Keywords: Agribusiness

Hoogsteen base-pairing in DNA replication?,
Jimin Wang, in Nature (2005)

Minimal Residual Disease at First Achievement of Complete Remission Predicts Outcome in Adult Patients with Philadelphia Chromosome-Negative Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia,
Mingming Zhang, Huarui Fu, Xiaoyu Lai, Yamin Tan, Weiyan Zheng, Jimin Shi, Yanmin Zhao, Maofang Lin, Jingsong He, Zhen Cai, Yi Luo and He Huang, in PLOS ONE (2016)

Use of real-time cellular analysis and Plackett-Burman design to develop the serum-free media for PC-3 prostate cancer cells,
Ai Zhao, Fahai Chen, Chunhong Ning, Haiming Wu, Huanfang Song, Yanqing Wu, Rong Chen, Kaihua Zhou, Xiaoling Xu, Yinxiang Lu and Jimin Gao, in PLOS ONE (2017)

An ethylene biosynthesis enzyme controls quantitative variation in maize ear length and kernel yield,
Qiang Ning, Yinan Jian, Yanfang Du, Yunfu Li, Xiaomeng Shen, Haitao Jia, Ran Zhao, Jimin Zhan, Fang Yang, David Jackson, Lei Liu and Zuxin Zhang, in Nature Communications (2021)

Bre1/RNF20 promotes Rad51-mediated strand exchange and antagonizes the Srs2/FBH1 helicases,
Guangxue Liu, Jimin Li, Boxue He, Jiaqi Yan, Jingyu Zhao, Xuejie Wang, Xiaocong Zhao, Jingyan Xu, Yeyao Wu, Simin Zhang, Xiaoli Gan, Chun Zhou, Xiangpan Li, Xinghua Zhang and Xuefeng Chen, in Nature Communications (2023)

Confidence bands for the difference of two survival functions under the additive risk model,
Jimin Lee and Seunggeun Hyun, in Journal of Applied Statistics (2011)

On Carr and Lee's correlation immunization strategy,
Jimin Lin and Matthew Lorig, from arXiv.org (2019)

On Carr and Lee’s Correlation Immunization Strategy,
Jimin Lin and Matthew Lorig, in Applied Mathematical Finance (2019)

Neural Term Structure of Additive Process for Option Pricing,
Jimin Lin and Guixin Liu, from arXiv.org (2024)

Developing Problematic Performance Value Scores: Binding Routine Activity Performance, Environmental Barriers, and Health Conditions,
Jimin Choi and JiYoung Park, in IJERPH (2024)
Keywords: problematic performance value; environmental barrier; health conditions; universal design; multinomial logit model

A New Index to Assess Vulnerability to Regional Shrinkage (Hollowing out) Due to the Changing Age Structure and Population Density,
Jimin Lee and Kyo Suh, in Sustainability (2021)
Keywords: vulnerability; new index; regional shrinkage; age structure; population density

Self-insurance and saving under a two-argument utility framework,
Jimin Hong and Kyungsun Kim, in Journal of Economics (2021)
Keywords: Two-argument utility, Self-insurance, Saving, Correlation aversion, Risk aversion

Correction to: Self-insurance and saving under a two-argument utility framework,
Jimin Hong and Kyungsun Kim, in Journal of Economics (2021)

Tiny enzyme uses context to succeed,
Jimin Zheng and Zongchao Jia, in Nature (2013)

Structure of the bifunctional isocitrate dehydrogenase kinase/phosphatase,
Jimin Zheng and Zongchao Jia, in Nature (2010)

A new repair model and its optimization for cold standby system,
Junyuan Wang and Jimin Ye, in Operational Research (2022)
Keywords: Geometric process, Generalized Polya Process, Cold standby system, Average cost rate, Optimization

Can religions explain cross country differences in innovative activities?,
Jimin Wang and Cong Wang, in Technovation (2021)
Keywords: Religion; Innovation; Financial development; Trade openness; Human capital;

The Choice of Regimens Based on Bortezomib for Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma,
Jingsong He, Li Yang, Xiaoyan Han, Gaofeng Zheng, Weiyan Zheng, Guoqing Wei, Wenjun Wu, Xiujin Ye, Jimin Shi, Wanzhuo Xie, Li Li, Jie Zhang, Weijia Huang, Yi Zhao, He Huang, Xuejin Zhang, Jiaping Fu and Zhen Cai, in PLOS ONE (2014)

Breeding Site Characteristics and Associated Factors of Culex pipiens Complex in Lhasa, Tibet, P. R. China,
Xiaobo Liu, Baimaciwang, Yujuan Yue, Haixia Wu, Pengcuociren, Yuhong Guo, Cirenwangla, Dongsheng Ren, Danzenggongga, Dazhen, Jun Yang, Zhaxisangmu, Jing Li, Cirendeji, Ning Zhao, Jimin Sun, Jing Li, Jun Wang, Cirendunzhu and Qiyong Liu, in IJERPH (2019)
Keywords: Culex pipiens complex; breeding characteristics; cross-sectional study; Tibet; mosquito control

Parkin targets HIF-1α for ubiquitination and degradation to inhibit breast tumor progression,
Juan Liu, Cen Zhang, Yuhan Zhao, Xuetian Yue, Hao Wu, Shan Huang, James Chen, Kyle Tomsky, Haiyang Xie, Christen A. Khella, Michael L. Gatza, Dajing Xia, Jimin Gao, Eileen White, Bruce G. Haffty, Wenwei Hu and Zhaohui Feng, in Nature Communications (2017)

Ultrafast dynamics evidence of strong coupling superconductivity in LaH10±δ,
Y. L. Wu, X. H. Yu, J. Z. L. Hasaien, Fang Hong, P. F. Shan, Z. Y. Tian, Y. N. Zhai, J. P. Hu, J. G. Cheng and Jimin Zhao, in Nature Communications (2024)

COVERED FOUR-PORT REFLECTIVE SPLITTER WITH ZEROTH ORDER CANCELLED,
Chen Fu, Bo Wang and Jimin Fang, in Surface Review and Letters (SRL) (2021)
Keywords: Four-port reflective splitter, elimination of zeroth order, covered reflective grating

An analysis of the current supply and demand for feed grains in China,
Zhou Hui, Wang Jimin and Hu Xiangdong, from Asian Society of Agricultural Economists (ASAE) (2021)
Keywords: Livestock Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis

Evaluation of preventable adverse drug reactions by implementation of the nationwide network of prospective drug utilization review program in Korea,
Jimin Lee, Yoojin Noh and Sukhyang Lee, in PLOS ONE (2018)

Integrated task performance score for the building occupants based on the CO2 concentration and indoor climate factors changes,
Taehoon Hong, Jimin Kim and Myeonghwi Lee, in Applied Energy (2018)
Keywords: Task performance; Cognitive task; Indoor environmental quality; Indoor air quality, indoor climate; Weighted Euclidean distance;

Stability analysis and stabilization for nonlinear continuous-time descriptor semi-Markov jump systems,
Jimin Wang, Shuping Ma and Chenghui Zhang, in Applied Mathematics and Computation (2016)
Keywords: Descriptor semi-Markov jump system; Nonlinear; Stochastic stability; State feedback stabilization;

High-quality syngas production from biomass driven by chemical looping on a PY-GA coupled reactor,
Jimin Zeng, Rui Xiao and Jun Yuan, in Energy (2021)
Keywords: PY-GA coupled Reactor; Biomass pyrolysis; Chemical looping gasification; High-quality syngas; Tar;

A multi-objective optimization model for determining the building design and occupant behaviors based on energy, economic, and environmental performance,
Taehoon Hong, Jimin Kim and Minhyun Lee, in Energy (2019)
Keywords: Multi-objective optimization; Occupant behavior; Indoor environmental quality; Thermal comfort; Energy; Economic and environmental assessment;

Crude oil price analysis and forecasting based on variational mode decomposition and independent component analysis,
Jianwei E, Yanling Bao and Jimin Ye, in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (2017)
Keywords: Crude oil price; Variational mode decomposition; Independent component analysis; Autoregressive integrated moving average;

Life insurance settlement and the monopolistic insurance market,
Jimin Hong and S. Hun Seog, in Insurance: Mathematics and Economics (2018)
Keywords: Life insurance; Settlement; Surrender; Welfare; Monopolistic insurance market; Competitive insurance market;

A novel hybrid model on the prediction of time series and its application for the gold price analysis and forecasting,
Jianwei E, Jimin Ye and Haihong Jin, in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (2019)
Keywords: Gold price; Independent component analysis; Gated recurrent unit neural network; Hidden states; Mode function;

A multi-scale forecasting model for CPI based on independent component analysis and non-linear autoregressive neural network,
Jiayue Liu, Jimin Ye and Jianwei E, in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (2023)
Keywords: CPI forecasting; Complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise; Hierarchical agglomerative clustering; Independent component analysis; Non-linear autoregressive neural network;

The efficiency effects of life settlement on the life insurance market,
S. Hun Seog and Jimin Hong, in Pacific-Basin Finance Journal (2019)
Keywords: life settlement; Securitization; life insurance; Overlapping generation; Welfare;

Optimal insurance under moral hazard in loss reduction,
Hangsuck Lee, Minha Lee and Jimin Hong, in The North American Journal of Economics and Finance (2022)
Keywords: Optimal insurance; Deductible; Fixed-reimbursement; One dimensional exponential family with canonical form; Moral hazard;

Market insurance and endogenous saving with multiple loss states,
S. Hun Seog and Jimin Hong, in The North American Journal of Economics and Finance (2022)
Keywords: Risk; Two-period model; Insurance demand; Saving; Capital market; Risk aversion;

Design and analysis of a galloping energy harvester with V-shape spring structure under Gaussian white noise,
Hang Deng, Jimin Ye and Dongmei Huang, in Chaos, Solitons & Fractals (2023)
Keywords: Galloping energy harvester; Gaussian white noise; Probability density function; Stochastic averaging method;

On Complete Convergence for Nonstationary ϕ-Mixing Random Variables,
Aiting Shen, Xinghui Wang and Jimin Ling, in Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods (2014)

Cognitive Effects of Inattentive Responding in an MTurk Sample,
Jimin Pyo and Michael G. Maxfield, in Social Science Quarterly (2021)

A Computational Perspective on Projection Pursuit in High Dimensions: Feasible or Infeasible Feature Extraction,
Chunming Zhang, Jimin Ye and Xiaomei Wang, in International Statistical Review (2023)

Modeling Longitudinal Data with Nonparametric Multiplicative Random Effects Jointly with Survival Data,
Jimin Ding and Jane-Ling Wang, in Biometrics (2008)

Who is Going to Supply the Milk to China's South?,
Jimin Wang, Zhangyue Zhou and Qiuhong Shen, in China & World Economy (2008)

Dynamic modeling of lytic virus transmission among phytoplankton driven by nitrogen and phosphorus,
Ming Chen, Honghui Gao and Jimin Zhang, in Ecological Modelling (2024)
Keywords: Dynamic model; Phytoplankton; Lytic viruses; Nitrogen and phosphorus; Parameter estimation;

Going beyond the firm perspective: what do employees think of high-performance work systems (HPWS)?,
Sunwang Kim, Jimin Kwon and Dongil Jung, in Asian Business & Management (2023)
Keywords: High-performance work systems, Perceived organizational support, Leader support, Supervisory support, Innovative behavior

Optimal insurance for repetitive natural disasters under moral hazard,
Hangsuck Lee, Minha Lee and Jimin Hong, in Journal of Economics (2024)
Keywords: Repetitive losses, Moral hazard, Absolute risk aversion, Prudence, One-dimensional exponential family with canonical form

Selection bias obfuscates the discovery of fast radio burst sources,
Mohit Bhardwaj, Jimin Lee and Kevin Ji, in Nature (2024)

Moral hazard in loss reduction and state-dependent utility,
S. Hun Seog and Jimin Hong, in Insurance: Mathematics and Economics (2024)
Keywords: Moral hazard; State-dependent utility; Loss reduction;

NeuralBeta: Estimating Beta Using Deep Learning,
Yuxin Liu, Jimin Lin and Achintya Gopal, from arXiv.org (2024)

Extended age maintenance models and its optimization for series and parallel systems,
Junyuan Wang, Jimin Ye and Liang Wang, in Annals of Operations Research (2022)
Keywords: Age replacement, Random replacement, Minimal repair, Random working time, Optimization

Accelerated Stochastic Variance Reduction for a Class of Convex Optimization Problems,
Lulu He, Jimin Ye and E. Jianwei, in Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications (2023)
Keywords: Katyusha momentum, Variance reduction, Finite-sum optimization, Convex optimization

Strong Convergence Properties and Strong Stability for Weighted Sums of AANA Random Variables,
Zhiyong Chen, Shuhe Hu, Jimin Ling and Xuejun Wang, in Abstract and Applied Analysis (2013)

Application of Effective Stress Model to Analysis of Liquefaction and Seismic Performance of an Earth Dam in China,
Changqing Qi, Wei Lu, Jimin Wu and Xing Liu, in Mathematical Problems in Engineering (2015)

Switching Fuzzy Guaranteed Cost Control for Nonlinear Networked Control Systems,
Linqin Cai, Zhuo Yang, Jimin Yu and Zhenhua Zhang, in Mathematical Problems in Engineering (2014)

Image Denoising Based on Adaptive Fractional Order with Improved PM Model,
Jimin Yu, Rumeng Zhai, Shangbo Zhou and LiJian Tan, in Mathematical Problems in Engineering (2018)

What Coins Lead in the Cryptocurrency Market: Using Copula and Neural Networks Models,
Steve Hyun, Jimin Lee, Jong-Min Kim and Chulhee Jun, in JRFM (2019)
Keywords: Directional dependence; Copula; Neural Network; Beta regression; Cryptocurrencies; Bitcoin

Innovative Information and Knowledge Sharing Platform for Business Sector: Focus on Intranet-based Social Network Service,
Jimin Kim, Younghoon Chang, Sangman Lee and Myeong-cheol Park, from International Telecommunications Society (ITS) (2012)
Keywords: We-Intention, Intranet-based SNS, Enterprise SNS, Enterprise 2.0, Social Learning Theory, Socio-technical System, Social Exchange Theory

Framework for establishing the optimal implementation strategy of a fuel-cell-based combined heat and power system: Focused on multi-family housing complex,
Taehoon Hong, Daeho Kim, Choongwan Koo and Jimin Kim, in Applied Energy (2014)
Keywords: Fuel-cell-based combined heat and power system; Implementation strategy; Primary energy saving; Life cycle cost; Life cycle carbon dioxide emissions; Energy policy;

Energy price prediction based on independent component analysis and gated recurrent unit neural network,
Jianwei E, Jimin Ye, Lulu He and Haihong Jin, in Energy (2019)
Keywords: Variational mode decomposition; Independent component analysis; Gated recurrent unit neural network; Support vector regression; Energy prices forecasting;

Analysis of the Potential of New Renewable Energy and Energy Saving Measures on the Buildings for Green City,
Jimin Kim, Taehoon Hong, Kwangbok Jeong and Choongwan Koo, from International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences (2015)
Keywords: new renewable energy system, energy saving measures, energy source map

An integrated multi-objective optimization model for establishing the low-carbon scenario 2020 to achieve the national carbon emissions reduction target for residential buildings,
Choongwan Koo, Taehoon Hong, Jimin Kim and Hyunjoong Kim, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2015)
Keywords: Carbon emissions reduction target; Integrated multi-objective optimization; Multi-family housing complex; Energy retrofit strategy; Trend analysis; Life cycle cost; Life cycle CO2;

An integrated multi-objective optimization model for determining the optimal solution in implementing the rooftop photovoltaic system,
Choongwan Koo, Taehoon Hong, Minhyun Lee and Jimin Kim, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2016)
Keywords: Rooftop photovoltaic system; Existing building; Integrated multi-objective optimization; Trade-off problem; Genetic algorithm; Economic and environmental assessment;

Development of a multi-objective optimization model for determining the optimal CO2 emissions reduction strategies for a multi-family housing complex,
Kwangbok Jeong, Taehoon Hong, Jimin Kim and Kyuman Cho, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2019)
Keywords: Multi-objective optimization; CO2 emissions reduction strategy; Calibration; Life cycle cost; Life cycle CO2; Energy saving measure;

A data-driven approach for establishing a CO2 emission benchmark for a multi-family housing complex using data mining techniques,
Kwangbok Jeong, Taehoon Hong, Jimin Kim and Jaewook Lee, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2021)
Keywords: CO2 emissions benchmark; Operational rating system; Data mining techniques; Decision tree; Multi-family housing complex;

The evolution of hog production and potential sources for future growth in China,
Hongbo Xiao, Jimin Wang, Les Oxley and Hengyun Ma, in Food Policy (2012)
Keywords: China; Hog production; Determinants of growth; Total factor productivity;

On the convergence rate for arrays of row-wise NOD random variables,
Zhiyong Chen, Tingting Liu, Jimin Ling and Xuejun Wang, in Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods (2016)

A bottom-up approach for estimating the economic potential of the rooftop solar photovoltaic system considering the spatial and temporal diversity,
Minhyun Lee, Taehoon Hong, Kwangbok Jeong and Jimin Kim, in Applied Energy (2018)
Keywords: Distributed solar generation; Rooftop solar photovoltaic system; Economic potential; Rooftop solar photovoltaic profitability; Hillshade analysis; Life cycle cost;

Forecasting Chinese Stock Market Volatility With Economic Variables,
Weixian Cai, Jian Chen, Jimin Hong and Fuwei Jiang, in Emerging Markets Finance and Trade (2017)

Effects of Farm Size on Technical Efficiency in China's Broiler Sector: A Stochastic Meta-Frontier Approach,
Xiangfei Xin, Yi Zhang, Jimin Wang and John Alexander Nuetah, in Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie (2016)

Informal Cross-Border Trade in Africa: Operations, Policy, and Opportunities,
Jimin Park, Michael K. Lim and Karthik Murali, in Management Science (2024)
Keywords: informal cross-border trade, public policy, emerging economy, socially responsible operations, United Nations, Uganda

Effect of Travel Expenditure on Life Satisfaction for Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Korea: Moderating Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic,
Joonho Moon, Won Seok Lee and Jimin Shim, in IJERPH (2022)
Keywords: life satisfaction; middle-aged and older Koreans; travel expenditure; inverted U shape; COVID-19

Spatio-Temporal Characteristics of Rural Economic Development in Eastern Coastal China,
Guogang Wang, Mingli Wang, Jimin Wang and Chun Yang, in Sustainability (2015)
Keywords: spatial autocorrelation model; annual net income; regional polarization; rural development

Automatic Fault Plane Solution for the Provision of Rapid Earthquake Information in South Korea,
Jimin Lee, Duk Kee Lee and Jae-Kwang Ahn, in Sustainability (2022)
Keywords: moment tensor inversion; automatic focal mechanism; earthquake information; hypocenter information; public service

Chief Executive Officers and the Value of US Airlines: The Moderating Effect of Carrier Type,
Joonho Moon, Won Seok Lee and Jimin Shim, in Sustainability (2022)
Keywords: chief executive officer; age; tenure; education; LCC; moderating effect

Antecedents of Purchase Intention at Starbucks in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic,
Jimin Shim, Joonho Moon, Myungkeun Song and Won Seok Lee, in Sustainability (2021)
Keywords: coffee shop; purchase intention; healthiness; hygiene; quarantine; ease of app use; multiple linear regression

The Impact of CSR on Corporate Value of Restaurant Businesses Using Triple Bottom Line Theory,
Jimin Shim, Joonho Moon, Won Seok Lee and Namho Chung, in Sustainability (2021)
Keywords: triple bottom line theory; social CSR; economic CSR; environmental CSR; restaurant firms

Review of Distributors, Retailers and Customers’ Assessment of Lion Brand Portland cement Over Other Competing Portland Cement Brands,
Richard Jimin Agema, Ochanya Blessing Adegbe and Philip Dewua, in International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (2020)

Review of Cost Effectiveness of Organisation Structure of Benue Cement Company Plc Gboko towards Achieving Its Marketing Objective: An Empirical Analysis,
Richard Jimin Agema, Hembadoon Diaka and Bukola Rebecca Oyeleye, in International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (2020)

Superlattice by charged block copolymer self-assembly,
Jimin Shim, Frank S. Bates and Timothy P. Lodge, in Nature Communications (2019)

Transient overturning changes cause an upper-ocean nutrient decline in a warming climate,
Shantong Sun, Andrew F. Thompson, Jimin Yu and Lixin Wu, in Nature Communications (2024)

Deglacial Subantarctic CO2 outgassing driven by a weakened solubility pump,
Yuhao Dai, Jimin Yu, Haojia Ren and Xuan Ji, in Nature Communications (2022)

Multi-Objective Assessment and Optimization of a High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: Steady-State Analysis,
Zhaoda Zhong, Samuel Simon Araya, Vincenzo Liso and Jimin Zhu, in Energies (2023)
Keywords: NSGA-II; HT-PEMFC; multi-objective optimization; exergy analysis; energy analysis

Study of Rotation Effect on Nanofluid Natural Convection and Heat Transfer by the Immersed Boundary-Lattice Boltzmann Method,
Tianwang Lai, Jimin Xu, Xiangyang Liu and Maogang He, in Energies (2022)
Keywords: IB-LBM; nanofluid; rotation effect; heat transfer

Recommending K-Wave Items Tailored for Small-Sized Exporters by Incorporating Dense and Sparse Vectors,
Jimin Lee, Eunjeong Na, Keejun Han and Donggil Na, in Sustainability (2023)
Keywords: K-wave; BERT; export sellers; trending; recommender systems; content-based filtering; dense vector; sparse vector

Hierarchical System Decomposition Using Genetic Algorithm for Future Sustainable Computing,
Jun-Ho Huh, Jimin Hwa and Yeong-Seok Seo, in Sustainability (2020)
Keywords: software; software maintenance; subsystem decomposition; architecture; genetic algorithm; artificial intelligence; restructuring

Multi-step photovoltaic power forecasting using transformer and recurrent neural networks,
Jimin Kim, Josue Obregon, Hoonseok Park and Jae-Yoon Jung, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews (2024)
Keywords: Machine learning; Transformer networks; Day-ahead solar power generation forecasting; Solar photovoltaic power plants;

CO 2 Injection and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Ohio Oil Reservoirs—An Experimental Approach to Process Understanding,
Manoj Kumar Valluri, Jimin Zhou, Srikanta Mishra and Kishore Mohanty, in Energies (2020)
Keywords: CO 2 sequestration; core flood; enhanced oil recovery; pilot injection; Copper Ridge dolomite; Clinton sandstone

An Economic and Environmental Assessment Model for Selecting the Optimal Implementation Strategy of Fuel Cell Systems—A Focus on Building Energy Policy,
Daeho Kim, Jimin Kim, Choongwan Koo and Taehoon Hong, in Energies (2014)
Keywords: fuel cell system; molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC); life cycle cost; life cycle CO 2 ; building energy policy; different type of buildings

An extended geometric process repairable model with its repairman having vacation,
Junyuan Wang, Jimin Ye, Qianru Ma and Pengfei Xie, in Annals of Operations Research (2022)
Keywords: Extended geometric process, Vacation, System, Average cost rate, Reward theorem, Optimal policy