Exiting the fossil world: The effects of fuel taxation in the UK

Lucas Bretschger and Elise Grieg ()
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Elise Grieg: Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH), ETH Zurich, Switzerland

No 20/332, CER-ETH Economics working paper series from CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research (CER-ETH) at ETH Zurich

Abstract: Carbon taxes remain economists favoured policy tool to curb emissions, but are unpopular among segments of the populations. Theoretical and numerical work tends to show the effectiveness of carbon taxes, but ex-post empirical analyses are still rare. In this paper we attempt to bridge this gap. We construct a theoretical general equilibrium model with dirty and clean transportation to show the static and dynamic effects of a fuel tax on transportation and consumption by deriving closed-form solutions. We take the predictions of the model to data on the UK Fuel Tax Escalator, and estimate the impact of the tax on CO2 emissions, GDP, and transport behaviour. With a potential control pool of OECD countries, we use the synthetic control method to estimate the difference between the observed outcome in the UK and a synthetic counterfactual UK. We find that the tax has a large and significant impact on CO2 emissions from trafic, while there is no discernable impact on GDP or growth. We do not find large changes in driving behaviours, but the available evidence points to a possible switch to rail travel from road travel.

Keywords: fuel tax; synthetic control method; climate policy; transport; level and growth effects (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O41 O47 Q43 Q56 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Pages: 33 pages
Date: 2020-04
New Economics Papers: this item is included in nep-ene, nep-env, nep-ore, nep-res and nep-tre
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