Wendelstein 7-X

Stellarator diagram - spolesystem (blå), plasma (gul), en magnetfeltlinje (grøn) på plasmaoverfladen.

Fusionsreaktoren Wendelstein 7-X (forkortet W7-X) er en eksperimentel stellarator bygget i Greifswald, Tyskland, af Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP) og færdiggjort i oktober 2015.^[1]^[2] W7-X's formål er at fremme stellarator teknologi. Denne eksperimentelle reaktor kommer ikke til at producere elektricitet, og anvendes kun til at evaluere hovedkomponenterne til et fremtidigt fusionskraftværk. W7-X er udviklet på basis af erfaringer fra dens forgænger Wendelstein 7-AS.

Pr. 2015 er Wendelstein 7-X reaktoren den største stellarator i verden. W7-X er designet til at opnå op til 30 minutters vedvarende plasma og den sidste opgradering er blevet afsluttet. W7-X er klar til driftsforsøg fra efteråret 2022.^[3] Den 15. februar 2023 blev der lavet en testplasmaudladning på 1,3 GJ over otte minutter.^[4]

Projektets navn, der refererer til bjerget Wendelstein i Bayern, blev navngivet i slutningen af 1950'erne, med reference til det tidligere Project Matterhorn fra Princeton University.^[5] (Matterhorn er et bjerg)

Forskningsanlægget er et uafhængig partnerprojekt med deltagerne Max-Planck Institute for Plasma Physics og Greifswalds Universitet.

Wendelstein 7-X forskningskompleks i Greifswald, eksperimenthal til venstre
Superledende fødekabler der bliver tilsluttet den superledende flade spole, 2008
Konstruktion i maj 2012. Torussen, offset i testceller, og den store kran. Bemærk arbejderne til størrelsessammenligning
Vidvinkel indeni stellaratoren, visende de rustfrie dækplader og de vandkølende kobber bagplader, som sandsynligvis vil blive dækket af grafitfliser og de vil fungere som armering for at beskytte imod plasma/væg interaktioner

Se også

Referencer

^ Introduction – the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator Retrieved 5 November 2014.
^ Clery, Daniel (21. oktober 2015). "The bizarre reactor that might save nuclear fusion". sciencemag.org. Science Magazine. Hentet 25. oktober 2015.
^ idw-online.de: Federal Research Minister Stark-Watzinger and Minister Martin visit IPP Greifswald, backup: Citat: "...After two successful initial operation phases, the Wendelstein 7-X fusion device has been further expanded. This final step, which upgrades the machine to demonstrate plasma pulses of up to 30 minutes with increased heating power, has now been completed and Wendelstein 7-X is finished. A water-cooled inner cladding and the new centrepiece, a water-cooled divertor, complete the device. In autumn 2022, Wendelstein 7-X will go back into operation...", backup
^ February 22, 2023, ipp.mpg.de: Wendelstein 7-X reaches milestone: Power plasma with gigajoule energy turnover generated for eight minutes. After successful recommissioning in autumn 2022, the Greifswald nuclear fusion experiment has surpassed an important target Citat: "...On 15 February 2023, the researchers reached a new milestone: for the first time, they were able to achieve an energy turnover of 1.3 gigajoules in this device...", backup
^ WI-A, WI-B, WII-A, WII-B, W7-A: G. Grieger; H. Renner; H. Wobig (1985), "Wendelstein stellarators", Nuclear Fusion (tysk), vol. 25, no. 9, s. 1231, doi:10.1088/0029-5515/25/9/040

Eksterne henvisninger

54°04′23″N 13°25′26″Ø / 54.073°N 13.424°Ø / 54.073; 13.424

[W7X-1] Introduction – the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator Retrieved 5 November 2014.

[Clery2015-2] Clery, Daniel (21. oktober 2015). "The bizarre reactor that might save nuclear fusion". sciencemag.org. Science Magazine. Hentet 25. oktober 2015.

[3] w-online.de: Federal Research Minister Stark-Watzinger and Minister Martin visit IPP Greifswald, backup: Citat: "...After two successful initial operation phases, the Wendelstein 7-X fusion device has been further expanded. This final step, which upgrades the machine to demonstrate plasma pulses of up to 30 minutes with increased heating power, has now been completed and Wendelstein 7-X is finished. A water-cooled inner cladding and the new centrepiece, a water-cooled divertor, complete the device. In autumn 2022, Wendelstein 7-X will go back into operation...", backup

[4] February 22, 2023, ipp.mpg.de: Wendelstein 7-X reaches milestone: Power plasma with gigajoule energy turnover generated for eight minutes. After successful recommissioning in autumn 2022, the Greifswald nuclear fusion experiment has surpassed an important target Citat: "...On 15 February 2023, the researchers reached a new milestone: for the first time, they were able to achieve an energy turnover of 1.3 gigajoules in this device...", backup

[5] WI-A, WI-B, WII-A, WII-B, W7-A: G. Grieger; H. Renner; H. Wobig (1985), "Wendelstein stellarators", Nuclear Fusion (tysk), vol. 25, no. 9, s. 1231, doi:10.1088/0029-5515/25/9/040

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