- A2. Data Appendix: Poverty [ ]itH : Percentage of the population in the province who are living below the Indonesian provincial poverty line set by Statistics Indonesia. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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- Aghion, P. and J. G. Williamson (1998), Growth, Inequality and Globalization: Theory, History and Policy (Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press).
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Aghion, P., E. Caroli, and C. Garcia-Penalosa. (1999). “Inequality and Economic Growth: The Perspective of the New Growth Theories,†Journal of Economic Literature, 37 (4), 1615-1660.
- Apriyanto, P. (2007), Data Base Pemilu 2004: Peta Daerah Pemilhan, Perolehan Suara dan Kursi untuk DPR RI, DPRD Propinsi dan DPRD Kabupaten/Kota se-Indonesia, Jakarta: Sprit Research and Database.
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Atkinson, A., T. Piketty and E. Saez (2009), “Top Incomes in the Long Run of History,†NBER Working Paper No. 15408, October.
Banerjee, A. and E. Duflo (2003), “Inequality and Growth: What Can the Data Say?†Journal of Economic Growth, 8, pp. 267-299.
Barro, R. (2000), “Inequality and Growth in a Panel of Countries,†Journal of Economic Growth, 5(1), pp. 5-32.
- Christiansen, L. and L. Demery (2007). Down to Earth: Agriculture and Poverty Reduction in Africa (The World Bank, Washington DC).
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- Credit: Credit to the private sector as a share of GDP. Source: Ministry of Finance Database, 2011. Real Government Spending: Real total provincial government spending as a share of GDP.
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Datt, G. and M. Ravallion (1998). “Why have some Indian states done better than others at reducing rural poverty,†Economica, 65, 17–38.
Datt, G. and M. Ravallion (1999). “When is Growth Pro-poor?†Manuscript, The World Bank, Washington DC.
Datt, G. and M. Ravallion (2002). “Is India's economic growth leaving the poor behind?†Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16, 89–108.
Deininger, K. and L. Squire (1998), “New Ways of Looking at Old Issues: Inequality and Growth,†Journal of Development Economics, 57: 259-287.
Dollar, D. and A. Kraay (2002), “Growth is Good for the Poor,†Journal of Economic Growth, 7, pp. 195-225.
Easterly, W. (2007), “Inequality Does Cause Underdevelopment: Insights from a New Instrument,†Journal of Development Economics, 84(2), pp. 755-776.
- Employment: Employment rate. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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- Foster, A. and M. Rosenzweig (2005). “Agricultural development, industrialization and rural Inequality,†Mimeo, Harvard University.
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- Humidity [ln( )itHumid ]: Average yearly humidity. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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- Inequality [ ]itG : Inequality measured by the Gini coefficient reported by the Statistical Yearbook. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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- Kristiadi, J,, T.A. Legowo and B.N.T. Harjanto (1997), Pemilihan Umum 1997: Pemikiran, Harapan dan Evaluasi, Jakarta, CSIS.
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Leigh, A. and P. van der Eng (2009). “Inequality in Indonesia: What Can We Learn from Top Incomes?†Journal of Public Economics, 93, 209-212.
Levinsohn, J., S. Berry, J. Friedman. (2003). “Impacts of the Indonesian economic crisis: price changes and the poor,†in M. Dooley and J. Frankel (eds.), Managing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets (University of Chicago Press: Chicago IL).
Loayza, N. and C. Raddatz (2006). “The composition of growth matters for poverty alleviation,†World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4077, The World Bank, Washington DC.
- Non-mining GDP per capita [ ]NM itY : Real non-mining Gross Domestic Product per capita at the provincial level measured in 2002 constant prices. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 19782011. Mining GDP per capita [ ]M itY : Real mining Gross Domestic Product per capita calculated as the difference between real GDP per capita and non-mining GDP per capita. Source: Author’s calculation.
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- Political Fractionalization Index: Diversity index of political party voters among political parties competing in the national legislative elections in 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 1999 and 2004. This is the probably of finding two voters who voted for different political parties.
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Pradhan, M., A. Suryahadi, A. Sumarto, and L. Pritchett (2001). “Eating the which ‘Joneses’? An Iterative Solution to the Choice of Poverty Line Reference Group,†Review of Income and Wealth, 47: 473 – 487.
- Ravallion, M. (2012), “Why Don’t We See Poverty Convergence?†American Economic Review, forthcoming.
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Ravallion, M. and G. Datt (1996). “How important to India's poor is the sectoral composition of economic growth?†World Bank Economic Review, 10: 1–25.
Ravallion, M. and S. Chen (2007). “China's (Uneven) progress against poverty,†Journal of Development Economics, 82: 1–42.
- Real GDP per capita [ ]itY : Real Gross Domestic Product per capita at the provincial level measured in 2002 constant prices. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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Roine, J., J. Vlachos, and D. Waldenstrom (2009). “The Long Run Determinants of Inequality: What Can We Learn from Top Income Data?†Journal of Public Economics, 93, 974-988.
- Schooling: Years of schooling. Source: Statistics Indonesia, 1978-2011.
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- Source: Ministry of Finance Database, 2011.
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- Sudibyo, M. (1995), Pemilihan Umum 1992: Suatu Evaluasi, Jakarta, CSIS.
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- Sumarto, S. and A. Suryahadi. (2007). “Indonesia Country Case Study,†in F. Bresciani and A. Valdes (eds.), Beyond Food Production: The Role of Agriculture in Poverty Reduction (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and Edward Elgar: Cheltenham).
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- Suryadinata, L. (2002), Elections and Politics in Indonesia, Singapore: ISEAS.
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Suryahadi, A. and S. Sumarto. (2003). “Poverty and vulnerability in Indonesia before and after the economic crisis,†Asian Economic Journal, 17, 45–64.
Suryahadi, A., D. Suryadarma, and S. Sumarto. (2009). “The Effects of Location and Sectoral Components of Economic Growth on Poverty: Evidence from Indonesia,†Journal of Development Economics, 89, 109-117..
Suryahadi, A., D. Suryadarma, S. Sumarto, and J. Molyneaux. (2008). “Agricultural demand linkages and growth multiplier in rural Indonesia,†in N. McCulloch (ed.), Rural Investment Climate in Indonesia (Institute of Southeast Asian Studies: Singapore).
Suryahadi, A., S. Sumarto, and L. Pritchett. (2003). “Evolution of poverty during the crisis in Indonesia,†Asian Economic Journal, 17, 221–241.
- The index is calculated using the Alesina et al. (1999) methodology. Source: Sudibyo (1995), Kristiadi et al. (1997), Suryadinata (2002), Apriyanto (2007) and Author’s calculations. Rainfall [ln( )itRain ]: Log of annual precipitation (amount of rain) measured in millimetres.
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- Warr, P. (2006). “Poverty and growth in southeast Asia,†ASEAN Economic Bulletin, 23: 279–302.
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- Warr, P. and W. Wang (1999). “Poverty, inequality and economic growth in Taiwan,†in G. Ranis and S.C. Hu (eds.), The Political Economy of Taiwan's Development into the 21st Century: Essays in Memory of John C. H. Fei. (Edward Elgar: Cheltenham). Appendices: A1. List of Provinces in the Sample: Aceh, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Barat, Riau, Jambi, Sumatera Selatan, Bengkulu, Lampung, Jakarta, Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah, Yogyagarta, Jawa Timur, Bali, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah, Kalimantan Selatan, Kalimantan Timur, Sulawesi Utara, Sulawesi Tengah, Sulawesi Selatan, Sulawesi Tenggara, Maluku, Irian Jaya/Papua.
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