Potosintesis
An potosintesis (Ingles: photosynthesis) iyo an proseso na ginagamit kan tinanom asin iba pang organismo para maliwat an enerhiya kan liwanag pasiring sa enerhiyang kimikal, na sa paagi nin selular na respirasyon, pwedeng mailuwas dagos para magamit sa metabolikong aktibidad kan organismo. An enerhiyang kimikal na ini iyo natatago sa mga molekula kan karbohidrato, arug kan asukar, na iyo nasintesa gikan sa karbon dioksido asin tubig – kaya pigpangaranang photosynthesis, gikan sa Griyegong phōs (φῶς), "liwanag", asin sunthesis (σύνθεσις), "sabay na pagkaag".[1][2][3]
Harus pigluluwas an oksiheno bilang ati na produkto. Kadaklan nin mga tinanom, algae, asin cyanobakterya iyo minaakto nin potosintesis asin an mga organismong nasambit iyo inaapod na potoawtotropo. An potosintesis iyo may dakulang responsable sa pagmokna asin pagmantinar kan oksihenong kontento sa atmospera kan Kinaban, sagkod iyo nagsusuplay kan kadaklan nin mga kinakaipong enerhiya para sa mga buhay sa Kinaban.[4]
An pinakaenot na potosintetikong organismo iyo pwedeng nag-ebolbar nin amay sa ebolusyonaryong uusipon kan buhay, sagkod iyo harus pwedeng naggamit nin mga ahente kan reduksyon arug kan hidroheno o hidrohenong sulpido, imbes na tubig, bilang gunuan nin mga elektron.[5] Dagos nagluwas an mga cyanobakterya; an sobrang oksiheno na saindang namokna iyo direktang nag-ambag sa oksihenasyon kan Kinaban,[6] kaya nagin posible an ebolusyon kan komplikadong buhay. Sa ngunyan, an normal na rikas kan pankinabang enerhiyang naguguno nin potosintesis iyo harus 130 terawatts,[7][8][9] na iyo harus walong beses kadakula kan presenteng pagkonsumo nin kuryente kan katawohan.[10] An mga potosintetikong organismo iyo nagliliwat man nin harus 100–115 na bilyong tonelada (91–104 petagramo) nin karbon sa biyomas kada taon.[11][12] An penomena na an mga tinanom iyo nakakakua nin enerhiya sa liwanag – dugang sa ere, daga, asin tubig – iyo enot na nadiskobre kan 1779 ni Jan Ingenhousz.
Panluwas na takod
baguhon- A collection of photosynthesis pages for all levels from a renowned expert (Govindjee)
- In depth, advanced treatment of photosynthesis, also from Govindjee
- Science Aid: Photosynthesis Article appropriate for high school science
- Metabolism, Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis – The Virtual Library of Biochemistry and Cell Biology
- Overall examination of Photosynthesis at an intermediate level
- Overall Energetics of Photosynthesis
- The source of oxygen produced by photosynthesis Interactive animation, a textbook tutorial
- Marshall J (2011-03-29). "First practical artificial leaf makes debut". Discovery News. Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
- Photosynthesis – Light Dependent & Light Independent Stages Archived 2011-09-10 at the Wayback Machine.
- Khan Academy, video introduction
- Ehrenberg R (2017-12-15). "The photosynthesis fix". Knowable Magazine.
Toltolan
baguhon- ↑ "photosynthesis". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2013-03-07. Retrieved 2013-05-23. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ φῶς. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ σύνθεσις. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project
- ↑ "Prokaryotic photosynthesis and phototrophy illuminated". Trends in Microbiology 14 (11): 488–496. Nov 2006. doi:. PMID 16997562.
- ↑ "Photosynthesis in the Archean era". Photosynthesis Research 88 (2): 109–117. May 2006. doi:. PMID 16453059.
- ↑ "When did oxygenic photosynthesis evolve?". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 363 (1504): 2731–2743. Aug 2008. doi:. PMID 18468984.
- ↑ "Life: past, present and future". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 354 (1392): 1923–1939. Dec 1999. doi:. PMID 10670014.
- ↑ Whitmarsh J, Govindjee (1999). "The photosynthetic process". In Singhal GS, Renger G, Sopory SK, Irrgang KD, Govindjee. Concepts in photobiology: photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 11–51. ISBN 978-0-7923-5519-9.
100×1015 grams of carbon/year fixed by photosynthetic organisms, which is equivalent to 4×1018 kJ/yr = 4×1021 J/yr of free energy stored as reduced carbon.
- ↑ Steger U, Achterberg W, Blok K, Bode H, Frenz W, Gather C, Hanekamp G, Imboden D, Jahnke M, Kost M, Kurz R, Nutzinger HG, Ziesemer T (2005). Sustainable development and innovation in the energy sector. Berlin: Springer. p. 32. ISBN 978-3-540-23103-5. Archived from the original on 2016-09-02. Retrieved 2016-02-21.
The average global rate of photosynthesis is 130 TW.
Unknown parameter|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "World Consumption of Primary Energy by Energy Type and Selected Country Groups, 1980–2004". Energy Information Administration. July 31, 2006. Archived from the original (XLS) on November 9, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-20. Unknown parameter
|url-status=ignored (help) - ↑ "Primary production of the biosphere: integrating terrestrial and oceanic components". Science 281 (5374): 237–240. Jul 1998. doi:. PMID 9657713. Bibcode: 1998Sci...281..237F. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9gm7074q. Retrieved on 2018-04-20.
- ↑ "Photosynthesis". McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science & Technology. 13. New York: McGraw-Hill. 2007. ISBN 978-0-07-144143-8.