OCaml

# 1 + 2 * 3;;
- : int = 7

print_endline "Hello World!"

let rec fact n =
  if n=0 then 1 else n * fact(n - 1);;

let rec fact = function
  | 0 -> 1
  | n -> n * fact(n - 1);;

# fact 12;;
- : int = 479001600

let fib n =
  let rec fib_aux m a b =
    match m with
    | 0 -> a
    | _ -> fib_aux (m - 1) b (a + b)
  in fib_aux n 0 1;;

let year_size = 365.
let rec birthday_paradox prob people =
  let prob = (year_size -. float people) /. year_size *. prob  in
  if prob < 0.5 then
    Printf.printf "answer = %d\n" (people+1)
  else
    birthday_paradox prob (people+1);;

# birthday_paradox 1.0 1;;
answer = 23
- : unit = ()

let rec sum integers =                   (* 关键字rec含义为递归。 *)
  match integers with
  | [] -> 0                              (* 产生0，如果integers为空列表 []。 *)
  | first :: rest -> first + sum rest;;  (* 递归调用，如果integers是非空列表；
                                            first是这个列表的第一个元素，
                                            而rest是余下元素的列表，可能是[]。 *)

# sum [1;2;3;4;5];;
- : int = 15

let sum integers =
  List.fold_left (fun accumulator x -> accumulator + x) 0 integers;;

# sum [1;2;3;4;5];;
- : int = 15

let sum integers =
  List.fold_left (+) 0 integers

let sum =
  List.fold_left (+) 0

 let rec qsort = function
   | [] -> []
   | pivot :: rest ->
     let is_less x = x < pivot in
     let left, right = List.partition is_less rest in
     qsort left @ [pivot] @ qsort right;;

let twice (f : 'a -> 'a) = fun (x : 'a) -> f (f x);;
let inc (x : int) : int = x + 1;;
let add2 = twice inc;;
let inc_str (x : string) : string = x ^ " " ^ x;;
let add_str = twice(inc_str);;

# add2 98;;
- : int = 100
# add_str "Test";;
- : string = "Test Test Test Test"

# let fourtimes f = (twice twice) f;;
val fourtimes : ('a -> 'a) -> 'a -> 'a = <fun>
# let add4 = fourtimes inc;;
val add4 : int -> int = <fun>
# add4 98;;
- : int = 102

let zero f x = x
let succ n f x = f (n f x)
let one = succ zero
let two = succ (succ zero)
let add n1 n2 f x = n1 f (n2 f x)
let to_string n = n (fun k -> "S" ^ k) "0";;

# let _ = to_string (add (succ two) two);;
- : string = "SSSSS0"

# let x =
    object
      val mutable x = 5
      method get_x = x
      method set_x y = x <- y
    end;;
val x : < get_x : int; set_x : int -> unit > = <obj>

# class simple_cls =
    object (self)
      val mutable x = 5
      method get_x = x
      method set_x y = x <- y
    end;;
  let x = new simple_cls;;

# let y =
    object
      method get_x = 2
      method set_x y = Printf.printf "%d\n" y
    end;;
val y : < get_x : int; set_x : int -> unit > = <obj>

# x = y;;
- : bool = false

# let set_to_10 a = a#set_x 10;;
val set_to_10 : < set_x : int -> 'a; .. > -> 'a = <fun>

# set_to_10 x;;
- : unit = ()

# let z =
    object
      method blahblah = 2.5
      method set_x y = Printf.printf "%d\n" y
    end;;
val z : < blahblah : float; set_x : int -> unit > = <obj>

# set_to_10 z;;
10
- : unit = ()

# type simpler_obj = < get_x : int >;;
type simpler_obj = < get_x : int >

# (x :> simpler_obj);;
- : simpler_obj = <obj>
# (x :> simpler_obj)#get_x;;
- : int = 10

#use "topfind";;
#require "num";;
open Num;;

let rec fact n =
  if n =/ Int 0 then Int 1 else n */ fact(n -/ Int 1);;

# string_of_num (fact (Int 120));;
- : string =
"6689502913449127057588118054090372586752746333138029810295671352301633557244962989366874165271984981308157637893214090552534408589408121859898481114389650005964960521256960000000000000000000000000000"

let () =
  ignore (Glut.init Sys.argv);
  Glut.initDisplayMode ~double_buffer:true ();
  ignore (Glut.createWindow ~title:"OpenGL Demo");
  let angle t = 10. *. t *. t in
  let render () =
    GlClear.clear [ `color ];
    GlMat.load_identity ();
    GlMat.rotate ~angle: (angle (Sys.time ())) ~z:1. ();
    GlDraw.begins `triangles;
    List.iter GlDraw.vertex2 [-1., -1.; 0., 1.; 1., -1.];
    GlDraw.ends ();
    Glut.swapBuffers () in
  GlMat.mode `modelview;
  Glut.displayFunc ~cb:render;
  Glut.idleFunc ~cb:(Some Glut.postRedisplay);
  Glut.mainLoop ()