| Name | Occupation | Birth | Death | Known for |
|---|
| Nicola Abbagnano |
Philosopher |
15-Jul-1901 |
9-Sep-1990 |
Italian existentialist |
| Peter Abelard |
Philosopher |
1079 |
21-Apr-1142 |
French scholastic philosopher |
| Mortimer J. Adler |
Philosopher |
28-Dec-1902 |
28-Jun-2001 |
How to Read a Book |
| Theodor Adorno |
Philosopher |
11-Sep-1903 |
6-Aug-1969 |
Dialectic of Enlightenment |
| Aenesidemus |
Philosopher |
fl. 1st c. BC |
fl. 1st c. BC |
Third skeptical school |
| al-Razi |
Doctor |
c. 865 AD |
27-Oct-925 AD |
Persian alchemist |
| Bronson Alcott |
Educator |
29-Nov-1799 |
4-Mar-1888 |
Founder of Boston's Temple School |
| Samuel Alexander |
Philosopher |
6-Jan-1859 |
13-Sep-1938 |
Space, Time, and Deity |
| Louis Althusser |
Philosopher |
16-Oct-1918 |
22-Oct-1990 |
Marxist theorist, anti-humanist |
| Ammonius Hermiae |
Philosopher |
fl. 5th c. AD |
fl. 5th c. AD |
Commentaries on Aristotle |
| Anton Wilhelm Amo |
Philosopher |
1703 |
1784 |
First European-educated African philosopher |
| Anaxagoras |
Philosopher |
c. 500 BC |
c. 428 BC |
Matter composed of infinite elements |
| Anaximander |
Philosopher |
c. 609 BC |
c. 546 BC |
First to develop a cosmology |
| Anaximenes of Miletus |
Philosopher |
c. 585 BC |
c. 525 BC |
Aer as the source of all things |
| Kwame Anthony Appiah |
Philosopher |
8-May-1954 |
|
The Ethics of Identity |
| St. Thomas Aquinas |
Religion |
1225 |
7-Mar-1274 |
Catholicism's leading theologian |
| Hannah Arendt |
Philosopher |
14-Oct-1906 |
4-Dec-1975 |
Origins of Totalitarianism |
| Aristippus |
Philosopher |
c. 435 BC |
356 BC |
Founder of the Cyrenaic School |
| Aristotle |
Philosopher |
384 BC |
322 BC |
Politics |
| Raymond Aron |
Philosopher |
14-Mar-1905 |
17-Oct-1983 |
Political philosopher, social theorist |
| Marcus Aurelius |
Royalty |
26-Apr-121 AD |
17-Mar-180 AD |
Roman Emperor, 161-180 AD |
| Averroës |
Philosopher |
1126 |
1198 |
Islamic commentator on the classics |
| Avicenna |
Doctor |
980 AD |
1037 |
Canon of Medicine |
| A. J. Ayer |
Philosopher |
29-Oct-1910 |
27-Jun-1989 |
Language, Truth and Logic |
| Abdullah Azzam |
Educator |
1941 |
24-Nov-1989 |
Gatekeeper of the Jihad |
| Irving Babbitt |
Philosopher |
2-Aug-1865 |
15-Jul-1933 |
Early leader of Neohumanism |
| Francis Bacon |
Philosopher |
22-Jan-1561 |
9-Apr-1626 |
Novum Organum |
| Roger Bacon |
Philosopher |
c. 1220 |
1292 |
Doctor Mirabilis |
| Rudolf Bahro |
Philosopher |
18-Nov-1935 |
5-Dec-1997 |
The Alternative in Eastern Europe |
| Samuel Bailey |
Economist |
1791 |
18-Jan-1870 |
Formation and Publication of Opinions |
| Alexander Bain |
Philosopher |
11-Jun-1818 |
18-Sep-1903 |
The Senses and the Intellect |
| Georges Bataille |
Philosopher |
10-Sep-1897 |
8-Jul-1962 |
Histoire de l'oeil |
| Charles Batteux |
Philosopher |
6-May-1713 |
14-Jul-1780 |
Les Beaux-Arts réduits |
| Jean Baudrillard |
Philosopher |
29-Jul-1929 |
6-Mar-2007 |
Simulacra and Simulation |
| Cesare Beccaria |
Philosopher |
15-Mar-1738 |
28-Nov-1794 |
On Crimes and Punishments |
| Walter Benjamin |
Philosopher |
15-Jul-1892 |
26-Sep-1940 |
The Arcades Project |
| Jeremy Bentham |
Philosopher |
15-Feb-1748 |
6-Jun-1832 |
Proponent of Utilitarianism |
| Gustav Bergmann |
Philosopher |
4-May-1906 |
21-Apr-1987 |
Ontologist |
| Henri Bergson |
Philosopher |
18-Oct-1859 |
4-Jan-1941 |
L'Évolution Créatrice |
| George Berkeley |
Philosopher |
12-Mar-1685 |
14-Jan-1753 |
Anti-intellectual empiricist philosopher |
| Isaiah Berlin |
Philosopher |
6-Jun-1909 |
5-Nov-1997 |
The Hedgehog and the Fox |
| Maurice Blanchot |
Philosopher |
22-Sep-1907 |
20-Feb-2003 |
L'Espace littéraire |
| Ernst Bloch |
Philosopher |
8-Jul-1885 |
4-Aug-1977 |
Principle of Hope |
| Allan Bloom |
Philosopher |
14-Sep-1930 |
7-Oct-1992 |
The Closing of the American Mind |
| Norberto Bobbio |
Philosopher |
18-Oct-1909 |
9-Jan-2004 |
Philosopher of politics and the law |
| Jean Bodin |
Economist |
1530 |
1596 |
Six livres de la République |
| Boethius |
Philosopher |
c. 470 AD |
524 AD |
Consolation of Philosophy |
| David Bohm |
Physicist |
20-Dec-1917 |
29-Oct-1992 |
Particle physicist |
| Charles Bonnet |
Naturalist |
13-Mar-1720 |
20-May-1793 |
Discovered parthenogenesis |
| Murray Bookchin |
Philosopher |
14-Jan-1921 |
30-Jul-2006 |
The Ecology of Freedom |
| F. H. Bradley |
Philosopher |
30-Jan-1846 |
18-Sep-1924 |
Appearance and Reality |
| Constantin Brunner |
Philosopher |
27-Aug-1862 |
17-Aug-1937 |
German Jewish philosopher |
| Giordano Bruno |
Scientist |
1548 |
17-Feb-1600 |
Heretic cosmologist |
| Martin Buber |
Philosopher |
8-Feb-1878 |
13-Jun-1965 |
Ich und Du |
| Tyler Burge |
Philosopher |
1946 |
|
Foundations of Mind |
| Jean Buridan |
Philosopher |
1300 |
1358 |
Buridan's Ass |
| Edmund Burke |
Philosopher |
1-Jan-1729 |
9-Jul-1797 |
Reflections on the Revolution in France |
| Tommaso Campanella |
Philosopher |
5-Sep-1568 |
21-May-1639 |
La città del Sole |
| Rudolf Carnap |
Philosopher |
18-May-1891 |
14-Sep-1970 |
The Logical Syntax of Language |
| Ernst Cassirer |
Philosopher |
28-Jul-1874 |
13-Apr-1945 |
The Myth of the State |
| Cato the Younger |
Philosopher |
95 BC |
45 BC |
Foe of Julius Caesar |
| Stanley Cavell |
Philosopher |
1-Sep-1926 |
|
Professor of Aesthetics, Harvard |
| David Chalmers |
Philosopher |
20-Apr-1966 |
|
Philosopher of Consciousness |
| Pierre Charron |
Philosopher |
1541 |
16-Nov-1603 |
De la Sagesse |
| Samuel Clarke |
Philosopher |
11-Oct-1675 |
17-May-1729 |
Newtonian theologian |
| Morris Raphael Cohen |
Philosopher |
25-Jul-1880 |
28-Jan-1947 |
Reason and Nature |
| R. G. Collingwood |
Historian |
22-Feb-1889 |
9-Jan-1943 |
The Idea of History |
| Anthony Collins |
Philosopher |
21-Jun-1676 |
13-Dec-1729 |
A Discourse on Freethinking |
| George Combe |
Paranormal |
21-Oct-1788 |
14-Aug-1858 |
Scottish phrenologist |
| Auguste Comte |
Sociologist |
19-Jan-1798 |
5-Sep-1857 |
Positivist founder of Sociology |
| Marquis de Condorcet |
Philosopher |
17-Sep-1743 |
29-Mar-1794 |
French Enlightenment philosopher |
| Confucius |
Religion |
551 BC |
479 BC |
Analects |
| Cratippus |
Philosopher |
fl 1st c. BC |
fl. 1st c. BC |
Peripatetic philosopher |
| Critolaus |
Philosopher |
fl. 2nd c. BC |
fl. 2nd c. BC |
Greek peripatetic philosopher |
| Benedetto Croce |
Philosopher |
25-Feb-1866 |
20-Nov-1952 |
Philosophy of Spirit |
| Ralph Cudworth |
Philosopher |
1617 |
26-Jun-1688 |
Intellectual System of the Universe |
| Damascius |
Philosopher |
480 AD |
? |
Last Neoplatonist philosopher |
| Damon |
Philosopher |
fl. 4th c. BC |
fl. 4th c. BC |
Pythagorean philosopher |
| Dante |
Poet |
1265 |
14-Sep-1321 |
La Divina Commedia |
| Donald Davidson |
Philosopher |
6-Mar-1917 |
30-Aug-2003 |
Actions, Reasons And Causes |
| Richard Dawkins |
Biologist |
26-Mar-1941 |
|
Zoologist and evolutionary biologist |
| Democritus |
Philosopher |
c. 460 BC |
c. 370 BC |
Early atomic theorist |
| Daniel C. Dennett |
Philosopher |
28-Mar-1942 |
|
Leading Darwinist and philosopher |
| Jacques Derrida |
Philosopher |
15-Jul-1930 |
9-Oct-2004 |
Deconstructionism, Intellectual Terrorist |
| René Descartes |
Philosopher |
31-Mar-1596 |
11-Feb-1650 |
Discours de la Méthode |
| John Dewey |
Educator |
20-Oct-1859 |
1-Jun-1952 |
Pragmatist philosopher, education reformer |
| Denis Diderot |
Philosopher |
5-Oct-1713 |
31-Jul-1784 |
L'Encyclopédie |
| Kenelm Digby |
Scientist |
11-Jul-1603 |
11-Jun-1665 |
Founding member of the Royal Society |
| Wilhelm Dilthey |
Philosopher |
19-Nov-1833 |
1-Oct-1911 |
Methodology of the humanities |
| Diogenes |
Philosopher |
412 BC |
323 BC |
Cynic |
| John Duns Scotus |
Religion |
c. 1265 |
8-Nov-1308 |
14th century Scottish scholar |
| Ronald Dworkin |
Philosopher |
11-Dec-1931 |
|
Taking Rights Seriously |
| Johann Augustus Eberhard |
Philosopher |
31-Aug-1739 |
6-Jan-1809 |
Neue Apologie des Socrates |
| Umberto Eco |
Author |
5-Jan-1932 |
|
Foucault's Pendulum, The Name of the Rose |
| Irwin Edman |
Philosopher |
28-Nov-1896 |
4-Sep-1954 |
Philosopher’s Holiday |
| Empedocles |
Philosopher |
c. 490 BC |
430 BC |
Supposed inventor of Rhetoric |
| Epictetus |
Philosopher |
c. 55 AD |
c. 135 AD |
Stoic, wrote Encheiridion |
| Epicurus |
Philosopher |
341 BC |
270 BC |
Founder of the Epicurean School |
| Erasmus |
Scholar |
27-Oct-1469 |
12-Jul-1536 |
In Praise of Folly |
| Johannes Scotus Erigena |
Philosopher |
815 AD |
877 AD |
De Divisione Naturae |
| Rudolf Eucken |
Philosopher |
5-Jan-1846 |
14-Sep-1926 |
Individual and Society |
| Ludwig Feuerbach |
Philosopher |
28-Jul-1804 |
13-Sep-1872 |
Das Weses des Christentums |
| Paul K. Feyerabend |
Philosopher |
13-Jan-1924 |
11-Feb-1994 |
Against Method |
| Johann Gottlieb Fichte |
Philosopher |
19-May-1762 |
27-Jan-1814 |
Critique of Revelation |
| Marsilio Ficino |
Philosopher |
19-Oct-1433 |
1-Oct-1499 |
Italian humanist philosopher |
| Antony Flew |
Philosopher |
11-Feb-1923 |
8-Apr-2010 |
British Libertarian philosopher |
| Henry Flynt |
Musician |
1940 |
|
Violin composer turned philosopher |
| Michel Foucault |
Philosopher |
15-Oct-1926 |
26-Jun-1984 |
History of Sexuality |
| Charles Fourier |
Philosopher |
7-Apr-1772 |
10-Oct-1837 |
Socialist Utopian |
| Gottlob Frege |
Mathematician |
8-Nov-1848 |
26-Jul-1925 |
Mathematical logician |
| Erich Fromm |
Psychologist |
23-Mar-1900 |
18-Mar-1980 |
Psychoanalyst, Humanist |
| Hans-Georg Gadamer |
Philosopher |
11-Feb-1900 |
13-Mar-2002 |
Truth and Method |
| Pierre Gassendi |
Physicist |
22-Jan-1592 |
24-Oct-1655 |
Exercitationes |
| Antonio Genovesi |
Author |
1-Nov-1712 |
22-Sep-1769 |
Lezioni di Commercio |
| Vincenzo Gioberti |
Philosopher |
5-Apr-1801 |
26-Nov-1852 |
Rinnovamenlo civile d'Italia |
| Joseph Glanvill |
Philosopher |
1636 |
4-Nov-1680 |
The Vanity of Dogmatizing |
| Kurt Gödel |
Mathematician |
28-Apr-1906 |
14-Jan-1978 |
Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems |
| William Godwin |
Philosopher |
3-Mar-1756 |
30-Apr-1836 |
An Enquiry Concerning Political Justice |
| Nelson Goodman |
Philosopher |
7-Aug-1906 |
25-Nov-1998 |
Fact, Fiction, and Forecast |
| George Grant |
Philosopher |
13-Nov-1918 |
27-Sep-1988 |
Propagator of Red Toryism |
| T. H. Green |
Philosopher |
7-Apr-1836 |
26-Mar-1882 |
Prolegomena to Ethics |
| G. I. Gurdjieff |
Philosopher |
1877 |
29-Oct-1949 |
Esoteric philosopher, The Fourth Way |
| Jürgen Habermas |
Philosopher |
18-Jun-1929 |
|
The Theory of Communicative Action |
| Ian Hacking |
Philosopher |
18-Feb-1936 |
|
The Taming of Chance |
| Johann Georg Hamann |
Philosopher |
27-Aug-1730 |
21-Jun-1788 |
German theological thinker |
| R. M. Hare |
Philosopher |
21-Mar-1919 |
29-Jan-2002 |
Moral Thinking |
| James Harrington |
Philosopher |
7-Jan-1611 |
11-Sep-1677 |
Oceana |
| David Hartley |
Philosopher |
8-Aug-1705 |
28-Aug-1757 |
Theory of associationism |
| Eduard von Hartmann |
Philosopher |
23-Feb-1842 |
5-Jun-1906 |
Philosophy of the Unconscious |
| Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel |
Philosopher |
27-Aug-1770 |
14-Nov-1831 |
Phenomenology of Spirit |
| Martin Heidegger |
Philosopher |
26-Sep-1889 |
26-May-1976 |
Being and Time |
| Claude-Adrien Helvétius |
Philosopher |
26-Jan-1715 |
26-Dec-1771 |
De l'Esprit |
| Heraclides Ponticus |
Philosopher |
c. 388 BC |
c. 315 BC |
Perhaps an early heliocentrist |
| Heraclitus |
Philosopher |
c. 540 BC |
c. 480 BC |
Fire-centric theory of the universe |
| Herbert of Cherbury |
Philosopher |
3-Mar-1583 |
5-Aug-1648 |
De Veritate |
| Johann Gottfried Herder |
Philosopher |
25-Aug-1744 |
18-Dec-1803 |
Sturm und Drang movement |
| Hippias of Elis |
Philosopher |
fl. 5th c. BC |
fl. 5th c. BC |
Greek sophist |
| Thomas Hobbes |
Philosopher |
5-Apr-1588 |
4-Dec-1679 |
Leviathan |
| William E. Hocking |
Philosopher |
10-Aug-1873 |
12-Jun-1966 |
The Meaning of God in Human Experience |
| Sidney Hook |
Philosopher |
20-Dec-1902 |
12-Jul-1989 |
Pragmatist |
| Wilhelm von Humboldt |
Scholar |
22-Jun-1767 |
8-Apr-1835 |
Diplomat turned philologist |
| David Hume |
Philosopher |
7-May-1711 |
25-Aug-1776 |
Empiricist nonpareil |
| Edmund Husserl |
Philosopher |
8-Apr-1859 |
26-Apr-1938 |
Phenomenological philosopher |
| Ivan Illich |
Philosopher |
4-Sep-1926 |
2-Dec-2002 |
Deschooling Society |
| Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi |
Philosopher |
25-Jan-1743 |
18-Mar-1819 |
German Spinozist |
| William James |
Philosopher |
11-Jan-1842 |
26-Aug-1910 |
The Principles of Psychology |
| Pierre Janet |
Psychologist |
30-May-1859 |
24-Feb-1947 |
Founder of Automatic Psychology |
| Karl Jaspers |
Philosopher |
23-Feb-1883 |
26-Feb-1969 |
Existential thinker |
| Hans Jonas |
Philosopher |
10-May-1903 |
5-Feb-1993 |
Gnostic philosopher |
| Immanuel Kant |
Philosopher |
22-Apr-1724 |
12-Feb-1804 |
Transcendental idealist |
| Sřren Kierkegaard |
Philosopher |
5-May-1813 |
11-Nov-1855 |
Father of existentialism |
| Ladislav Klíma |
Philosopher |
8-Aug-1878 |
19-Apr-1928 |
The Sufferings of Prince Sternenhoch |
| Arthur Koestler |
Author |
3-Sep-1905 |
3-Mar-1983 |
Darkness at Noon |
| Leszek Kolakowski |
Philosopher |
23-Oct-1927 |
17-Jul-2009 |
Polish refugee philosopher |
| J. Krishnamurti |
Religion |
12-May-1895 |
18-Feb-1986 |
Theosophist guru |
| Julia Kristeva |
Philosopher |
24-Jun-1941 |
|
Psychoanalyst, linguistic philsopher |
| Thomas Kuhn |
Author |
18-Jul-1922 |
17-Jun-1996 |
Structure of Scientific Revolutions |
| Paul Kurtz |
Philosopher |
21-Dec-1925 |
|
The pope of unbelievers |
| Jacques Lacan |
Psychiatrist |
13-Apr-1901 |
9-Sep-1981 |
The Mirror Stage as Formative of the I |
| Imre Lakatos |
Philosopher |
9-Nov-1922 |
2-Feb-1974 |
Philosopher of Science and Mathematics |
| Keith Lehrer |
Philosopher |
10-Jan-1936 |
|
Metamind |
| Gottfried Leibniz |
Mathematician |
1-Jul-1646 |
14-Nov-1716 |
Co-Inventor of calculus |
| Gotthold Ephraim Lessing |
Playwright |
22-Jan-1729 |
15-Feb-1781 |
Laokoon |
| Leucippus |
Philosopher |
fl 5th c. BC |
fl. 5th c. BC |
Father of Atomism |
| Emmanuel Levinas |
Philosopher |
12-Jan-1906 |
25-Dec-1995 |
Totality and Infinity |
| Speed Levitch |
Actor |
9-Jul-1970 |
|
The Cruise |
| Bernard-Henri Lévy |
Author |
5-Nov-1948 |
|
Who Killed Daniel Pearl? |
| George Henry Lewes |
Philosopher |
18-Apr-1817 |
28-Nov-1878 |
The Problems of Life and Mind |
| John Locke |
Philosopher |
29-Aug-1632 |
28-Oct-1704 |
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding |
| Lucretius |
Poet |
c. 99 BC |
c. 55 BC |
On the Nature of Things |
| Raymond Lull |
Religion |
1232 |
29-Jun-1315 |
Catalan mystic |
| Jean-François Lyotard |
Philosopher |
10-Aug-1924 |
21-Apr-1998 |
Founder of Postmodernism |
| Ernst Mach |
Physicist |
18-Feb-1838 |
19-Feb-1916 |
Optical and sensory perceptualist |
| Niccolò Machiavelli |
Author |
3-May-1469 |
22-Jun-1527 |
The Prince |
| Macrobius |
Philosopher |
fl. 400 AD |
fl. 400 AD |
Saturnalia |
| Nicolas Malebranche |
Philosopher |
6-Aug-1638 |
13-Oct-1715 |
De la recherche de la vérité |
| Gabriel Marcel |
Philosopher |
7-Dec-1889 |
8-Oct-1973 |
French existential philosopher |
| Herbert Marcuse |
Philosopher |
19-Jul-1898 |
29-Jul-1979 |
One-Dimensional Man |
| Jean-Luc Marion |
Philosopher |
3-Jul-1946 |
|
Phenomenologist, God Without Being |
| Jacques Maritain |
Philosopher |
18-Nov-1882 |
28-Apr-1973 |
Interpreter of St. Thomas |
| Karl Marx |
Economist |
5-May-1818 |
14-Mar-1883 |
Das Kapital, Communist Manifesto |
| John McDowell |
Philosopher |
7-Mar-1942 |
|
Mind and World |
| Terence McKenna |
Author |
16-Nov-1946 |
3-Apr-2000 |
Mushrooms, UFOs, end of fractal time |
| George Herbert Mead |
Philosopher |
27-Feb-1863 |
26-Apr-1931 |
Pragmatist, social behaviorist |
| Moses Mendelssohn |
Philosopher |
26-Sep-1729 |
4-Jan-1786 |
Brilliant German-Jewish philosopher |
| Maurice Merleau-Ponty |
Philosopher |
14-Mar-1908 |
4-May-1961 |
Phenomenology of Perception |
| Mary Midgley |
Philosopher |
13-Sep-1919 |
|
Beast and Man |
| James Mill |
Philosopher |
6-Apr-1773 |
23-Jun-1836 |
History of India |
| John Stuart Mill |
Philosopher |
20-May-1806 |
8-May-1873 |
Liberal philosopher and essayist |
| Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu |
Philosopher |
18-Jan-1689 |
10-Feb-1755 |
De l'Esprit des Lois |
| G. E. Moore |
Philosopher |
4-Nov-1873 |
24-Oct-1958 |
Principia Ethica |
| Sir Thomas More |
Philosopher |
7-Feb-1477 |
6-Jul-1535 |
Utopia |
| Arne Naess |
Philosopher |
27-Jan-1912 |
12-Jan-2009 |
Ecological philosopher |
| Thomas Nagel |
Philosopher |
4-Jul-1937 |
|
What is it like to be a bat? |
| Nezahualcoyotl |
Head of State |
1402 |
1472 |
Texcoco philosopher-king, Aztec poet |
| Friedrich Nietzsche |
Philosopher |
15-Oct-1844 |
25-Aug-1900 |
God is dead |
| Robert Nozick |
Philosopher |
16-Nov-1938 |
23-Jan-2002 |
Libertarian philosopher |
| Martha Nussbaum |
Philosopher |
6-May-1947 |
|
The Fragility of Goodness |
| Onora O'Neill |
Philosopher |
23-Aug-1941 |
|
President of the British Academy, 2005-09 |
| Michael Oakeshott |
Philosopher |
11-Dec-1901 |
19-Dec-1990 |
Rationalism in Politics |
| William of Ockham |
Philosopher |
c. 1285 |
9-Apr-1348 |
Occam's Razor |
| Peter D. Ouspensky |
Philosopher |
5-Mar-1878 |
2-Oct-1947 |
Esoteric philosopher, Tertium Organum |
| Parmenides |
Philosopher |
c. 515 BC |
c. 450 BC |
On Nature |
| Blaise Pascal |
Mathematician |
19-Jun-1623 |
19-Aug-1662 |
French thinker and mathematician |
| Leonard Peikoff |
Philosopher |
15-Oct-1933 |
|
Proseletyzer of objectivism |
| Charles Sanders Peirce |
Philosopher |
10-Sep-1839 |
19-Apr-1914 |
Founder of Pragmatism |
| Phaedo |
Philosopher |
c. 415 BC |
? |
Founded a school in Elis |
| Phanias |
Philosopher |
c. 300 BC |
? |
Commentator on Aristotle |
| Giovanni Pico della Mirandola |
Philosopher |
24-Feb-1463 |
17-Nov-1494 |
Italian philosopher and mystic |
| Steven Pinker |
Linguist |
18-Sep-1954 |
|
The Language Instinct |
| Plato |
Philosopher |
c. 427 BC |
c. 347 BC |
The Republic |
| Plotinus |
Philosopher |
205 AD |
270 AD |
Founder of the Neoplatonic school |
| Karl Popper |
Philosopher |
28-Jul-1902 |
17-Sep-1994 |
Critical Rationalist |
| Porphyry |
Philosopher |
c. 232 AD |
c. 305 AD |
Introductio in Praedicamenta |
| Hilary Putnam |
Philosopher |
31-Jul-1926 |
|
Philosophy of Mind |
| Pythagoras |
Mathematician |
c. 580 BC |
c. 500 BC |
Pythagorean Theorem |
| Willard Van Orman Quine |
Philosopher |
25-Jun-1908 |
25-Dec-2000 |
Two Dogmas of Empiricism |
| Sayyid Qutb |
Philosopher |
9-Oct-1906 |
29-Aug-1966 |
Muslim Brotherhood philosopher |
| Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan |
Politician |
5-Sep-1888 |
17-Apr-1975 |
Philosopher-President of India, 1962-67 |
| Ayn Rand |
Author |
2-Feb-1905 |
6-Mar-1982 |
Atlas Shrugged |
| John Rawls |
Philosopher |
21-Feb-1921 |
24-Nov-2002 |
A Theory of Justice |
| Thomas Reid |
Philosopher |
26-Apr-1710 |
7-Oct-1796 |
Epistemologist, Common Sense school |
| Charles-Bernard Renouvier |
Philosopher |
1-Jan-1815 |
1-Sep-1903 |
Neocritical idealist |
| Richard Rorty |
Philosopher |
4-Oct-1931 |
8-Jun-2007 |
Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature |
| Jean-Jacques Rousseau |
Philosopher |
28-Jun-1712 |
2-Jul-1778 |
Conceptualized the Social Contract |
| Josiah Royce |
Philosopher |
20-Nov-1855 |
14-Sep-1916 |
The Religious Aspect of Philosophy |
| Bertrand Russell |
Mathematician |
18-May-1872 |
2-Feb-1970 |
Mathematician, atheist, and social critic |
| Ammonius Saccas |
Philosopher |
c. 160 AD |
c. 242 AD |
Early neo-Platonist school |
| George Santayana |
Philosopher |
16-Dec-1863 |
26-Sep-1952 |
The Realms of Being |
| Jean-Paul Sartre |
Philosopher |
21-Jun-1905 |
15-Apr-1980 |
Nausea, No Exit |
| Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph von Schelling |
Philosopher |
27-Jan-1775 |
20-Aug-1854 |
Naturphilosophie |
| Friedrich von Schiller |
Playwright |
10-Nov-1759 |
9-May-1805 |
Wallenstein |
| Friedrich Schleiermacher |
Philosopher |
21-Nov-1768 |
12-Feb-1834 |
A founder of Protestant theology |
| Moritz Schlick |
Philosopher |
14-Apr-1882 |
22-Jun-1936 |
Positivist philosopher, Vienna Circle |
| Arthur Schopenhauer |
Philosopher |
22-Feb-1788 |
21-Sep-1860 |
Philosopher of Pessimism |
| John Searle |
Philosopher |
Dec-1932 |
|
Chinese Room Argument, Philosopher of Language |
| Wilfrid Sellars |
Philosopher |
20-May-1912 |
2-Jul-1989 |
Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind |
| Seneca |
Author |
c. 4 BC |
65 AD |
Epistulae Morales |
| Henry Sidgwick |
Philosopher |
31-May-1838 |
29-Aug-1900 |
Method of Ethics |
| Peter Singer |
Philosopher |
6-Jul-1946 |
|
Animal Liberation |
| B. F. Skinner |
Psychologist |
20-Mar-1904 |
18-Aug-1990 |
Radical Behaviorism |
| Socrates |
Philosopher |
469 BC |
399 BC |
Developer of the Socratic Method |
| Fred Sommers |
Philosopher |
1-Jan-1923 |
|
The Logic of Natural Language |
| Georges Sorel |
Philosopher |
2-Nov-1847 |
29-Aug-1922 |
Reflections on Violence |
| Herbert Spencer |
Philosopher |
27-Apr-1820 |
8-Dec-1903 |
Synthetic Philosophy |
| Baruch de Spinoza |
Philosopher |
24-Nov-1632 |
21-Feb-1677 |
Rationalist, lensmaker |
| Rudolf Steiner |
Philosopher |
25-Feb-1861 |
30-Mar-1925 |
Anthroposophical Society |
| Max Stirner |
Philosopher |
25-Oct-1806 |
26-Jun-1856 |
Existential German nihilo-anarchist |
| Leo Strauss |
Philosopher |
20-Sep-1899 |
18-Oct-1973 |
Patron saint of Neoconservatism |
| P. F. Strawson |
Philosopher |
23-Nov-1919 |
13-Feb-2006 |
Individuals |
| Francisco Suárez |
Philosopher |
5-Jan-1548 |
25-Sep-1617 |
Spanish philosopher-theologian |
| Emanuel Swedenborg |
Philosopher |
29-Jan-1688 |
29-Mar-1772 |
Swedish scientist turned Christian mystic |
| Syrianus |
Philosopher |
fl. 5th c. AD |
fl. 5th c. AD |
Greek Neoplatonist |
| Alfred Tarski |
Mathematician |
14-Jan-1902 |
26-Oct-1983 |
Tarski's indefinability theorem |
| Charles Taylor |
Philosopher |
5-Nov-1931 |
|
Sources of the Self |
| Pierre Teilhard de Chardin |
Philosopher |
1-May-1881 |
10-Apr-1955 |
The Phenomenon of Man |
| Bernardino Telesio |
Philosopher |
1509 |
Oct-1588 |
De Rerum Natura |
| Theophrastus |
Philosopher |
c. 372 BC |
287 BC |
Peripatetic school |
| Paul Tillich |
Religion |
20-Aug-1886 |
22-Oct-1965 |
Systematic Theology |
| Miguel de Unamuno |
Philosopher |
29-Sep-1864 |
31-Dec-1936 |
El Cristo de Velázquez |
| Roberto Mangabeira Unger |
Philosopher |
? |
|
Knowledge and Politics |
| Gianni Vattimo |
Philosopher |
4-Jan-1936 |
|
Postmodern philosopher |
| Gregory Vlastos |
Philosopher |
27-Jul-1907 |
12-Oct-1991 |
Influential scholar of ancient philosophy |
| Ludwig von Mises |
Economist |
29-Sep-1881 |
10-Oct-1973 |
Libertarian Economist |
| Friedrich von Schlegel |
Philosopher |
10-Mar-1772 |
12-Jan-1829 |
Founder of the German Romantic movement |
| Michael Walzer |
Philosopher |
3-Mar-1935 |
|
Just and Unjust Wars |
| Alan Watts |
Philosopher |
6-Jan-1915 |
16-Nov-1973 |
Zen beat counterculture sage |
| Simone Weil |
Philosopher |
3-Feb-1909 |
24-Aug-1943 |
The Iliad, or the Poem of Force |
| Edvard Westermarck |
Anthropologist |
20-Nov-1862 |
3-Sep-1939 |
The Origin & Development of Moral Ideas |
| Alfred North Whitehead |
Mathematician |
15-Feb-1861 |
30-Dec-1947 |
Metaphysical mathematician |
| Bernard Williams |
Philosopher |
21-Sep-1929 |
10-Jun-2003 |
Leading moral philosopher |
| David Williams |
Philosopher |
1738 |
29-Jun-1816 |
Founder, Royal Literary Fund |
| Ludwig Wittgenstein |
Philosopher |
26-Apr-1889 |
29-Apr-1951 |
Destroyed metaphysics |
| Christian Wolff |
Philosopher |
24-Jan-1679 |
9-Apr-1754 |
Philosopher of the Leibniz model |
| Sheldon Wolin |
Philosopher |
4-Aug-1922 |
|
Politics and Vision |
| William Wollaston |
Philosopher |
26-Mar-1659 |
29-Oct-1724 |
The Religion of Nature Delineated |
| Mary Wollstonecraft |
Author |
27-Apr-1759 |
10-Sep-1797 |
Vindication of the Rights of Women |
| Xenocrates |
Philosopher |
396 BC |
314 BC |
Platonic philosopher |
| Xenophanes |
Poet |
c. 560 BC |
c. 478 BC |
Pre-Socratic, early monotheist |
| Slavoj Žižek |
Philosopher |
21-Mar-1949 |
|
Lacan theorist, intellectual rockstar |