Search Results

A Different Perspective on Ownership in Firms Quoted at Borsa Istanbul,
Emrah Arioğlu, in Iktisat Isletme ve Finans (2015)
Keywords: Ownership, Corporate Governance, Borsa Istanbul, Blockholders

Board interlocking in Brazil: Director participation in multiple companies and its effect on the value of firms,
Rafael Liza Santos and Alexandre Di Miceli da Silveira, in Brazilian Review of Finance (2007)
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Corporate Finance

DETERMINANTS AND MARGINAL VALUE OF CORPORATE CASH HOLDINGS: FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS VERSUS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE,
Wenchien Liu, in The International Journal of Business and Finance Research (2018)
Keywords: Corporate Cash Holdings, Corporate Governance, Financial Constraints

Corporate Governance Transparency and Board Independence: The Case of Four European Emerging Countries,
Ruxandra-Adriana Mateescu, in Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems (2015)
Keywords: transparency, corporate governance, emerging countries, board independence, audit committee

CEO Compensation and Firm’s Cash Holding: A Pitch,
Muhammad Atif, in Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems (2016)
Keywords: Pitching research, Compensation, Corporate governance, Cash holding, Australia

Corporate Governance and Leverage in Australia: A Pitch,
Nadarajah Sivathaasan, in Journal of Accounting and Management Information Systems (2016)
Keywords: Pitching research, Corporate Governance, Leverage, Australia

Corporate restructuring: new trends and solutions,
Giancarlo Forestieri, in BANCARIA (2011)
Keywords: crisi aziendale, ristrutturazione aziendale

Investment and Cash Flows in Internal Capital Markets: Evidence from Korean Business Groups,
Yoon K. Choi, Seung Hun Han and Sangwon Lee, in Multinational Finance Journal (2017)
Keywords: investment; cash-flows; corporate governance; business groups

The particularities of the analysis of cost – profit in the railway system in Romania,
Tudor Ciurezu and Anduena Firtat, in Finante - provocarile viitorului (Finance - Challenges of the Future) (2010)
Keywords: cost-profit analysis, railway system, residual value

Executive Compensation, Value and Performance of Brazilian Listed Companies,
Andre Luiz Carvalhal da Silva and Alisson Chen Yi Chien, in Brazilian Review of Finance (2013)
Keywords: Executive remuneration, Firm value and performance, Brazil

Do Women in Top Management Affect the Value and Performance of Brazilian Firms?,
André Luiz Carvalhal da Silva and Helena Margem, in Brazilian Review of Finance (2015)
Keywords: Women, Board of directors, Executive position, Firm value and performance, Brazil

Los principios cooperativos “atractores” de la gestión eficiente: su medición. Aplicación al caso de Mondragón Corporación Cooperativa,
Amaia Agirre, in CIRIEC-España, revista de economía pública, social y cooperativa (2001)
Keywords: Social Audit, Cooperative Balance, Cooperative Principles, Self-design strategy, Chaos.

El Gobierno de la Empresa: presentación,
Vicente Salas Fumas, in EKONOMIAZ. Revista vasca de Economía (2002)

Teoría de los partícipes y ciudadanía empresarial: una perspectiva pluralista del gobierno de las compañías,
J.M. Rodríguez Fernández, in EKONOMIAZ. Revista vasca de Economía (2002)

Propiedad y Control: Una Perspectiva Europea,
Rafael Crepí and Miguel A. García-Cestona, in EKONOMIAZ. Revista vasca de Economía (2002)

The Informational Limits of the Profit and Loss Account in Accurately Portraying the Company’s Performances,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: accounting policies, relevance, reliability, fidelity.

Income and Expenditure – Factors Influencing the Company’s Financial Performance,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: cost of quality, costs of conformity, costs of internal faults, costs of external faults.

The Dashboard and Performance Improvement of the Company,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: efficiency, frequency, balance indicators, indicators of anticipation.

Risk and Lucrativeness of the Financial Instruments,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: net investment, fair value, embedded derivative product, hedging operations.

The Economic Crisis and its Effects on the Evolution of Economic Performance,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2012)
Keywords: economic crisis, share value, economic sectors.

The Role of Corporate Governance in Risk Management,
Sãveanu Cristina, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2012)
Keywords: corporate governance, risk, financial performance.

Perimeter of Consolidation – Essential Element for Account Consolidation,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2012)
Keywords: exclusive control, joint control, significant influence, interest percentage.

The Effects of Corporate Governance on the Net Interest Margin and the Solvency Ratio - Evidence from Romania,
Chitan Gheorghe, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)
Keywords: bank performance, corporate governance, Romanian banking system

Considerations on Consolidated Financial Statements of the Group,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)
Keywords: the theory of property, the entity theory, the extended theory of the parent company.

The Role of Corporate Governance within Groups of Companies,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)
Keywords: the theory of the agency, the theory of administration, the theory of the stakeholder.

Considerations on the Need for Consolidated Accounts, on Determining the Consolidation Perimeter and the Percentages of Control and InterestAbstract:The emergence of the groups is linked to the development strategy of the company. Therefore, when the presence on the foreign markets is intensifying or the production is diversifying a lot, enterprises can choose one of the following two possibilities: they either retain their legal unit and create departments or branches, or create new companies that have their own legal personality, being under the control of the parent company,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta and Munteanu Victor, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)

General Aspects Concerning Groups of CompaniesAbstract:The general tendency to concentrate several companies is shown due to the fact that a company tries increasingly more not to become vulnerable, and to remain as efficient as possible. This can be done either by integrating the stages of manufacturing distribution of a product, or based on the integration of complementary or similar activities, even if these are of a different nature either in the case of the connections between different enterprises with the only purpose to diversify the risks and maximize the profit,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta and Munteanu Victor, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)

Comparative Study Regarding Financial Communication by Means of Annual Financial Statements – IASB/FASB,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta and Munteanu Victor, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2014)
Keywords: accrual accounting, continuity of exploitation, objective of financial statements, profit and loss account

The Group of Companies and the Consolidated Financial Statements in Romania - Convergence and Harmonization,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta and Munteanu Victor, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2014)
Keywords: consolidated accounts, consolidation perimeter, international convergence, minority interests.

Theoretical Delimitations and Positioning of the Performance of Group Companies,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta and Munteanu Victor, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2014)
Keywords: efficiency, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, performance management

Theoretical Fundaments and References on the Elaboration and Presentation of the Financial Situations,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2015)
Keywords: accounting harmonization, annual accounts, historical cost, IASB

The Relation Corporate Governance - Financial Communication - Social Responsibility to the Level of the Group of Companies,
Claudia Nicoleta Guni, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2015)
Keywords: words stakeholder, agency's theory, signaling theory, corporate philanthropy

The Financial and Accounting Information: a Genuine Power Factor, in the Report Win - Loss of the Investment on the Capital Market,
Claudia Nicoleta Guni, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2016)
Keywords: shareholders, annual financial statements, government agencies

Accounting in Historical Costs – since when and until when?,
Guni Claudia, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2017)
Keywords: historical cost, evaluation, accounting information, accounting reporting

Voting and Power in the Small Firm: Alternatives to the One-Share, One-Vote Rule,
Robert Goon and John L. Teall, in Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance (1994)
Keywords: Voting, Governance, One-Share One-Vote, Cumulative Voting, Small Firm, Small Business

Internal Audit - Pillar of Corporate Governance,
Alexandru Georgiana and Constantin Nicolae Vasile, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: internal audit, corporate finance, corporate governance, internal control, risk management.

Economic Democracy and Business Governance in Meade’s Works,
Gaetano Cuomo, in Journal of Economic and Financial Studies (JEFS) (2015)
Keywords: Finance; Governance; Labour-managed firms; Welfare.

Legal and Methodological Backgrounds of the Corporate Social Responsibility,
Iacob Baciu, in Romanian Statistical Review Supplement (2012)
Keywords: governance, company, internal audit, control

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IMPACT ON THE SOLVENCY OF KOSOVO BANKING SYSTEM,
Ardian Uka, in Journal of Academic Research in Economics (2015)
Keywords: Solvency, financial and operation, corporate finance, corporate governance, banks.

Kurumsal yönetim açısından sahiplik ve kontrol yapısı ile üst düzey yönetici durumunun İMKB’de faaliyet gösteren bankalarda incelenmesi,
Cihan Tanriöven, İlhan Küçükkaplan and E. Savaş Başçi, in Iktisat Isletme ve Finans (2006)
Keywords: kurumsal yönetim, sahiplik yapısı, firma kontrolü, üst düzey yönetici

M&A flows and the foreign exchange markets:practical experiences,
Martijn A. Schrijvers, in BNL Quarterly Review (2002)
Keywords: Acquisition, Acquisitions, Exchange Rates, Financing, Foreign Exchange, Merger

M&A flows and the foreign exchange markets:practical experiences,
Martijn A. Schrijvers, in Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review (2002)
Keywords: Acquisition, Acquisitions, Exchange Rates, Financing, Foreign Exchange, Merger

STEPPED COUPON BONDS AND RESTRUCTURING FACTORING IN RELATION TO NET CIRCULATING CAPITAL IN COMPANIES IN FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY,
Katarzyna Kreczmanska-Gigol and Marcin Liberadzki, in Perspectives of Innovation in Economics and Business (PIEB) (2012)
Keywords: Stepped coupon bonds, factoring, company restructuring, financing

Management Ownership and Risk-Shifting Investment,
Nobuyuki Teshima, in The Japanese Accounting Review (2012)
Keywords: Management Ownership; Risk Shifting; Debt Restructuring; Reorganization; Bankruptcy

Who Cares? Corporate Governance in Today's Equity Markets,
Mats Isaksson and Serdar Çelik, from OECD Publishing (2013)
Keywords: capital and ownership structure, corporate governance, initial public offerings, institutional investors, shareholders

Making Stock Markets Work to Support Economic Growth: Implications for Governments, Regulators, Stock Exchanges, Corporate Issuers and their Investors,
David Weild, Edward Kim and Lisa Newport, from OECD Publishing (2013)
Keywords: allocation of capital, corporate governance, equity market structure, initial public offerings, stock exchange, tick size

Corporate Governance of Financial Groups,
Takahiro Yasui, from OECD Publishing (2016)
Keywords: corporate governance, corporate groups, financial groups, financial regulation, group structure

Shareholders’ and Managers’ Interests: Collisions in Russian Corporations,
Igor' Shevchenko, Ekaterina Puchkina and Nikolaj Tolstov, in HSE Economic Journal (2019)
Keywords: corporate management; VBM; capitalization; management quality evaluation; corporations; agency conflicts

Integrating Capital Structure, Financial and Non-Financial Performance: Distress Prediction of SMEs,
Farida Titik Kristanti, from Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise (2019)
Keywords: Capital Structure; Financial; Distress; Non-Financial; Performance.

THE ACCOUNTING MANAGEMENT: AT THE LIMIT BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Management Strategies Journal (2018)
Keywords: full cost accounting, management information system, target cost, ABC method

THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNAL / MANAGERIAL CONTROL OVER ACCOUNTING,
Guni Claudia Nicoleta, in Management Strategies Journal (2018)
Keywords: financial performance, national accounting regulations, treasury result, internal control

Non-linear Effects of Ownership Structure, Growth Opportunities and Leverage on Debt Maturity in Chilean Firms,
Jorge A. Muñoz Mendoza, Sandra M. Sepúlveda Yelpo and Carmen L. Veloso Ramos, in Remef - Revista Mexicana de Economía y Finanzas Nueva Época REMEF (The Mexican Journal of Economics and Finance) (2019)
Keywords: Debt maturity, Managerial ownership, State ownership, Growth opportunities, Leverage

INVESTMENT MODELS IN TRANSITION PROCESS - CASE STUDY OF COUNTRIES FROM REGION,
Jelena Andrašić, Branimir Kalaš, Vera Mirović and Nada Milenković, in Ekonomski pregled (2020)
Keywords: transition; countries from region; investment models; full ownership; partial ownership

Early Exercise Behaviour in Performance-vested Stock Option Grants,
Susana Alvarez-Diez, J. Baixauli-Soler and Maria Belda-Ruiz, in Annals of Economics and Finance (2016)
Keywords: Performance-vested stock options, Voluntary early exercise, Incentives, Delta, Vega

MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP, BOARD STRUCTURE AND FIRM’S PERFORMANCE: A REVIEW OF MAIN FINDINGS,
Cristina Boþa-Avram, in CES Working Papers (2012)
Keywords: managerial ownership, board structure, firm’s performance, endogeneity, corporate governance Romania

The Relationship between Ownership and Dividend Policy: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange Using the Propensity Score Matching Estimator,
Mahdi Filsaraei and Alireza Zarei, in International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues (2017)
Keywords: Dividend Policy, The Endogeneity of Ownership, Concentrated Ownership, Propensity Score Matching

Initial public offerings and listing costs: is there a difference between venture and non venture capital Ipos?,
Antonio Meles, in BANCARIA (2009)
Keywords: venture capital, private equity, Ipo, costi di quotazione, underpricing.

The governance of Italian listed companies: recent trends,
Angela Ciavarella, Nadia Linciano and Rossella Signoretti, in BANCARIA (2019)

Corporate Governance and Credit Risk in Iranian Banking Industry,
Saber Akbarian , Ali Asghar Anvary Rostamy , Nader Rezaei and Rasool Abdi , in Journal of Money and Economy (2019)
Keywords: Banking Industry, Credit Risk, Corporate Governance, Tehran Stock Exchange

Board Compensation and Risk-Taking: The Moderating Role of CEO Duality (Evidence from Banking Industry) (in Persian),
Abbas Ali Daryaei, Yasin Fattahi and Salar Seyfi Laleh, in Journal of Monetary and Banking Research (فصلنامه پژوهش‌های پولی-بانکی) (2019)

Heterogeneidad de los asociados y estructura de capital de las cooperativas no financieras en Colombia,
Giovanni Andrés Hernández Salazar, Ana María Olaya Pardo and Luz Elba Torres Guevara, in REVESCO: Revista de estudios cooperativos (2020)
Keywords: Organización Solidaria; Modelos de Emparejamiento; Heterogeneidad; Finanzas; Estructura de Deuda

Corporate governance, financing and gender: A study of SMEs from Argentinean Securities Markets,
Anahí Briozzo, Diana Albanese and Diego Santolíquido, in Contaduría y Administración (2017)
Keywords: Corporate governance; Gender; Small and medium sized enterprises; Financing

Strategic Financial Analyses of Sanatorium Corporations under Conditions of Seasonality,
Vadim Malyshenko and Kostyantyn Malyshenko, in Journal of Corporate Finance Research (2019)
Keywords: financial standing, financial model, financial risk, financial analysis

Effective Boards of Directors: A New Approach,
Igor Belikov, in Journal of Corporate Finance Research (2019)
Keywords: board of directors, controlling shareholders, management, business council, experience economy, company’s risk culture

An Exploratory Analysis of Cash Holdings and Pay-Performance Sensitivity before and after IFRS Adoption,
Ming-Cheng Wu, Yu-Ju Chen and Bi-Ying Shih, in International Journal of Economic Sciences (2014)
Keywords: NA, precautionary saving theory, alignment theory, mandatory IFRS adoption, cash holdings, pay-performance sensitivity, PPS

The Determinant of the Possibility of Merger in Indonesia,
Devina Ivo Mahendra and Nadia Asandimitra Haryono, in International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues (2017)
Keywords: Merger, Profitability, Variable Dummy, Binary Logistic Regression

Acquiring Capacity and Acquiring Behavior of Chinese Firms,
Jianguo Chen, Jing Chi and Shu Zhu, in Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance (2009)
Keywords: Firm , Firms , Merger , Takeover

Caractéristiques économiques et financières des entreprises en forte croissance,
D. Lefilliatre, in Bulletin de la Banque de France (2007)
Keywords: entreprises, PME, gazelles, croissance.

The increasing reliance of large French groups on debt: a financing strategy that has its limitations,
Hélène Charasson-Jasson, in Bulletin de la Banque de France (2019)

THE INFLUENCE OF OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENTITIES,
Olga Sunigovets, in Three Seas Economic Journal (2020)
Keywords: Globalization and innovation development, economic structure, ownership structure, international business, business efficiency, corporate governance

Predictors of Organizational Trust: The Dynamic Relationship Between Organizational Trust, Organizational Identification and Cultural Intelligence,
Catalina Diana Dumitru, in International Conference on Marketing and Business Development Journal (2015)
Keywords: organizational trust, organizational identification, business ethics.

THE OPERATIONAL PLAN AND THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT ON BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT,
Isachi Silvia-Elena and Chitiga Georgiana, in Management Strategies Journal (2015)
Keywords: operational plan, business management, firms, risks

Orgutlerde Grup Dusunusun Sessizlige Etkisi Uzerine Ampirik Bir Arastirma,
Ufuk Orhan, in Ege Academic Review (2016)
Keywords: Sessizlik, Grup Dusunus, Otomotiv Sektoru.

The Mechanism of Corporate Governance in Romania,
Georgescu Cristina Elena, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2011)
Keywords: corporate governance, principles, models, firm, performance

Why the Firm is the Source for Reducing Transaction CostsAbstract:Governing structures (institutions) are the natural result of the efforts for minimizing transaction costs. As such, selecting the proper governance structure for organizing economic activity is facilitated by transaction characteristics. The firm being seen as an institution is the privilege of neo-institutionalism. We shall begin the analysis of this governance structure by presenting its characteristics: carrying out transactions, the coordinating mechanism and the type of contractual relationship. Then, starting from the hypothesis of the national economy operating as a single firm, we will present the arguments that support this approach, as well as its limitations,
Georgescu Cristina Elena, in Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series (2013)

PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES FOR BRAND IMAGE DIMENSIONALITY AND USING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES TO INVESTIGATE AND IMPROVE THE BRAND PERSONALITY,
Makarand Upadhyayaè, in Polish Journal of Management Studies (2012)
Keywords: projective techniques, various techniques

Public Property According to the New Civil Code,
Ioana Nely Militaru, in Romanian Statistical Review Supplement (2013)
Keywords: public property, state, public interest, use, acquisition, expropriation, administration, concession, free usage

Contract Closing – Moment and Place of Closing Contracts by Electronic Means,
Ioana Nely Militaru, in Romanian Statistical Review Supplement (2013)
Keywords: contract freedom, good faith, e-commerce, service provider, characteristic performance, offer, temporary marking

SUSTAINABILITY AND NORMS COMPLIANCE, AN OPPORTUNITY TO INCREASE CORPORATE PROFITABILITY: THE CASE OF AN ELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING PLANT IN BAJA CALIFORNIA, LA SUSTENTABILIDAD Y EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE NORMAS, UNA OPORTUNIDAD PARA ELEVAR LA RENTABILIDAD OPERATIVA DE LAS EMPRESAS: EL CASO DE UNA PLANTA DE MANUFACTURA ELECTRONICA EN BAJA CALIFORNIA,
Ernesto Eduardo Nieto Sanchez, Virginia Guadalupe Lopez Torres and Sonia Elizabeth Maldonado-Radillo, in Revista Internacional Administracion & Finanzas (2011)
Keywords: Sustainability, RoHS, Profitability

Benefici economici e ambientali dei diritti di inquinamento: il caso della riduzione dell'acido cromico dai reflui industriali,
Mario Poma, from Institute of Public Policy and Public Choice - POLIS (1999)

Does Corporate Governance Play Role In Firms’ Performance? A Comparative Study of Pakistan, India and Bangladesh,
Ahmed Imran Hunjra, Hadia Naeem, Ayesha Noor and Amna Saleem, in International Journal of Economics and Empirical Research (IJEER) (2016)
Keywords: Corporate governance, Firms’ performance, Ownership structure, Board structure

The Relationships between Organizational Determinants and Counterproductive Work Behaviors among Employees in the Nigerian Maritime Industry,
Ignatius Ikechukwu Uche, George Olusoji, Golusoji@unilag.edu.ng, Abiola Wuraola, Wura_abiola@transformation.com, Adebisi Sunday and Yommysun@gmail.com, in Academic Journal of Economic Studies (2018)
Keywords: Organizational determinants, counterproductive work behavior, maritime Industry

Why Managers Want to Be Mentors? The Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation and the Anticipated Costs of Mentoring for the Propensity to Mentor by Managers in Formal Mentoring in Organizations,
Małota Wioletta, in Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe (2019)
Keywords: motivational factors to mentor, cost of mentoring, cognitive patterns of deciding to mentor, manager as mentor

Leaving in Mascot of Silence: Organizational Determinants of Employee Turnover Intentions in Mediating and Moderating Roles of Quiescent Silence and Coworker Support in a Russian Context,
Kashif Muhammad, Petrovskaya Irina, Samad Sarminah and Wijenayake Shanika, in Journal of Management and Business Administration. Central Europe (2021)
Keywords: turnover intentions, abusive supervision, quiescent silence, ethical conflict, perceived injustice, Russia

Cynicism in organizational change,
Blanca S. Grama, in Management Intercultural (2013)
Keywords: Cynicism, organizational change

ATTRIBUTION AND FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR IN EXPLAINING THE ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR,
Daniela Nicoleta Boţone, in Management Intercultural (2020)
Keywords: Attribution; Fundamental attribution error; Organizational behavior;

Cynicism in organizational change,
Blanca S. Grama, in SEA - Practical Application of Science (2013)
Keywords: Cynicism, organizational change

Relationship Between Abusive Supervision and Performance: The Role of Gender,
Budhi Haryanto and Edi Cahyono, in European Research Studies Journal (2019)
Keywords: Abusive supervision, gender, employee’s performance.

FACTORES DE DESAPARICIÓN DE LAS MICROS Y PEQUEÑAS EMPRESAS TEXTILES DE MOROLEÓN Y URIANGATO,
Crescenciano Tinoco Tinoco and Eugenio Soria, in Ravista Raites antes Panorama Administrativo Journal (2009)
Keywords: Globalización, competitividad, ventaja competitiva, calidad de mano de obra

Cosmopolitanism, assignment duration, and expatriate adjustment: The trade-off between well-being and performance,
Amir Grinstein and Luc Wathieu, from ESMT European School of Management and Technology (2008)
Keywords: Expatriates, international assignment, cosmopolitanism, crossculture adjustment, multinational corporations, preference persistence, assignment duration, survey method