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A135998
Smallest error in trying to solve n^3 = x^3 + y^3. That is, for each n, find positive integers x <= y < n such that | n^3 - x^3 - y^3 | is minimal and let a(n) := n^3 - x^3 - y^3.
4
6, 11, 10, -3, 27, 2, 44, 1, -24, -12, -1, -43, 16, -81, -8, -28, 8, 19, -29, 54, 56, 71, -8, 64, 69, 27, 72, -46, -133, 47, -64, 161, -8, 79, -27, -99, -57, -263, -133, 8, 254, -62, -155, 109, -15, -56, -64, 2, 259, 107, -17, 269, 216, -78, -20, 316, 164, -28, -27, 333, 181, 47, -70, 6, 704, 63, -64, 253, 343, -389, -216
OFFSET
2,1
COMMENTS
a(n) is never zero, by Fermat's last theorem for cubes. There are infinitely many n for which a(n) = 1, -1 and 2. It is not known if a(n) is ever 3, besides a(5). By congruence considerations, a(n) is never +-4 mod 9. Presumably a(n) is roughly of order n.
The current definition leaves an abiguity when there is (x,y) and (x',y') that yield the same minimal difference but with opposite sign, e.g., for n = 994 or n = 1700, see examples. The sign of a(n) is currently not well defined in that case. - M. F. Hasler, Feb 03 2024
EXAMPLE
a(7) = 2 because 7^3 - 5^3 - 6^3 = 2 and this can't be improved,
a(12) = -1 because 12^3 - 9^3 - 10^3 = -1 and this can't be improved.
From M. F. Hasler, Feb 03 2024: (Start)
a(994) = +- 1503 because 994^3 - 718^3 - 849^3 = 1503, 994^3 - 496^3 - 951^3 = -1503, and there is no smaller difference in absolute value.
a(1700) = +- 3375 because 1700^3 - 1070^3 - 1545^3 = 3375, 1700^3 - 719^3 - 1656^3 = -3375, and these are minimal in absolute value. (End)
MATHEMATICA
a[n_] := SortBy[n^3-Flatten[Table[x^3+y^3, {x, n-1}, {y, x}]], Abs][[1]];
Table[a[n], {n, 2, 72}] (* Jean-François Alcover, Jul 05 2019, after Giovanni Resta in A308834 *)
PROG
(PARI) A135998(n, p=3) = { my(np=n^p, m=np); for(y=max(sqrtnint(np\2, p), 1), n-1, my(x = sqrtnint(np - y^p, p), dy = np-y^p, d = if(dy-x^p > (x+1)^p-dy && x < n-1, dy-(x+1)^p, dy-x^p)); abs(d) < abs(m) && abs(m=d) < 2 && break); m} \\ M. F. Hasler, Feb 03 2024
CROSSREFS
Cf. A308834 (equivalent for 4th powers).
Sequence in context: A334280 A134012 A103704 * A242825 A358068 A276136
KEYWORD
sign
AUTHOR
Moshe Shmuel Newman, Mar 03 2008
STATUS
approved